Deleng sumberé Negara kesatuan

[[File:Map of unitary and federal states.svg|jmpl|
{{legend|#0000b0;|Negara Kesatuan}}
{{legend|#00e000;|Negara [[Federal]]}}]]
[[File:The pathway of regional integration or separation.png|jmpl|Jalur integrasi utawa pamisahan regional]]

'''Negara kesatuan''' yaiku [[negara]] sing dipimpin minangka entitas tunggal lan pamrentah pusat dadi sing paling dhuwur. Negara kesatuan beda karo federasi, seng dikenal uga minangka negara [[federal]].

== Ringkasan ==
Ing negara kesatuan, pamrentah pusat bisa nggawe (utawa ngilangi) divisi administratif (unit sub-nasional).<ref name=":1"/> Unit kasebut mung nggunakake kekuwatan sing dipilih saka delegasi pusat. Sanajan kekuwatan politik bisa didelegake liwat devolusi menyang pamrentah regional utawa daerah miturut undang-undange, pamrentah pusat bisa uga mbatalke tumindak pamrentah sing didelehasiake utawa nyuda kekuwatane. Sebagéyan gedhé negara ing saindenging jagad (166 negara saka 193 [[anggota PBB]]) duwé sistem pamréntahan kesatuan.<ref name=":2"/>

Ing federasi, pamrentah provinsi/regional nuduhake kekuwatan karo pamrentah pusat minangka aktor sing padha liwat [[konstitusi]] tertulis, sing kudu duweni ijin saka kalorone yen arep diowahi. Iku tegese unit sub-nasional duwe hak eksistensi lan kekuwatan sing ora bisa sacara sepihak diganti dening pamrentah pusat.<ref name=":3"/>

Devolusi ing negara kesatuan, kaya federalisme, bisa simetris, kanthi kabeh unit sub-nasional duwe kekuwatan lan status sing padha, utawa asimetris, kanthi unit-unit sub-nasional beda-beda miturut kekuwatane lan status. Akeh negara kesatuan ora duwe wilayah sing nduwe gelar otonomi.<ref name=":4"/> Ing negara kaya ngono, wilayah sub-nasional ora bisa milih ukum dhewe. Contone [[Romania]], [[Irlandia]] lan [[Nurwègen]]. [[Svalbard]] duweni otonomi sing luwih endhek tinimbang ing daratan utama. Iki dikontrol langsung karo pamrentah lan ora duwe aturan lokal.

== Dhaptar republik kesatuan lan kerajaan kesatuan ==
=== Republik kesatuan ===
''Miring'': Negara kanthi pengakuan winates saka negara daulat utawa organisasi antar pemerintah liyane.

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=== Kesatuan Monarki ===
[[Karajan Manunggal|Karajan Manunggal Britania Agung lan Irlandia Lor]] minangka conto salah sawijining negara kesatuan. [[Skotlandia]], [[Wales]] lan [[Irlandia Lor]] duwe derajat kekuwatan sing diturunake kanthi daerah otonomi, nanging kekuwatan kasebut diwarisake dening [[Parlemèn Karajan Manunggal]], sing bisa ngetrapake undang-undang kanthi ngowahi utawa ngilangi pangubahan (Inggris ora duwe kekuwatan sing diturunake). Kajaba ing Kerajaan [[Spanyol]], kekuwatan sing dipasrahake diwenehake liwat pamrentah pusat.
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== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=":1">{{cite web |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-is-a-unitary-state.html |title=What is a Unitary State? |website=WorldAtlas |access-date=2019-02-22}}</ref>
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<ref name=":2">{{cite web |url=http://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/democracy/index.html |title=Democracy |date=2015-11-20 |website=www.un.org |access-date=2019-02-22}}</ref>
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<ref name=":3">{{cite journal |last1=Ghai |first1=Yash |last2=Regan |first2=Anthony J. |date=September 2006 |title=Unitary state, devolution, autonomy, secession: State building and nation building in Bougainville, Papua New Guinea |journal=The Round Table |volume=95 |issue=386 |pages=589–608 |doi=10.1080/00358530600931178 |s2cid=153980559 |issn=0035-8533|url=https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar//handle/123456789/21028 }}</ref>
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<ref name=":4">{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/unitary-system |title=unitary system {{!}} government |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=2017-08-11}}</ref>
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<ref name=":5">{{cite book |title=China Transformed: Historical Change and the Limits of European Experience |publisher=Cornell University Press |author=Roy Bin Wong}}</ref>
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<ref name=":6">{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/nation-and-government/page-2 |title=Story: Nation and government – From colony to nation |publisher=Manatū Taonga Ministry for Culture and Heritage |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of New Zealand |date=29 August 2013 |access-date=19 April 2014}}</ref>
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<ref name=":7">{{cite web |url=http://www2.rgu.ac.uk/publicpolicy/introduction/uk.htm |title=Social policy in the UK |publisher=Robert Gordon University – Aberdeen Business School |work=An introduction to Social Policy |access-date=19 April 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704080747/http://www2.rgu.ac.uk/publicpolicy/introduction/uk.htm |archive-date=4 July 2014}}</ref>
}}

== Pranala njaba ==
* [http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=399008&section=5.1 Open University&nbsp;– The UK model of devolution]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=399008&section=5.2 Open University&nbsp;– Devolution in Scotland]{{Pranala mati|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

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[[Kategori:Negara Kesatuan| ]]
[[Kategori:Geografi Politik]]