Isaac Newton

Sir Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton
	Potrèt Isaac Newton karya Godfrey Kneller taun 1689; (umur 46)
Lair	4 Januari 1643; [OS: 25 Dhésèmber 1642]; Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth; Lincolnshire, Inggris
Pati	31 Maret 1727 (umur 84); [OS: 20 Maret 1726]; Kensington, Middlesex, Inggris
Padunungan	Inggris
Bangsa	Inggris
Alma mater	Trinity College, Cambridge
Kondhang ing	Newtonian mechanics; Universal gravitation; Infinitesimal calculus; Optics; Binomial series; Newton's method; Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica
	Karièr ngèlmiah
Babagan	fisika, matematika, astronomi, filsafat alam, alkemi, Teologi Kristen
Institutions	Universitas Cambridge; Royal Society; Royal Mint
Juru pamrayoga	Isaac Barrow ; Benjamin Pulleyn
Mahasiswa wigati	Roger Cotes; William Whiston
Mrabawani	Henry More; Polish Brethren
Kaprabawan	Nicolas Fatio de Duillier; John Keill
Tandha tangan
Cathetan
	Hannah Ayscough iku ibuné. Catherine Barton iku ponakané.

Sir Isaac Newton (Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, 4 Januari 1643-Kensington, London, 31 Maret 1727 (miturut Kalendher Grégorius)) iku siji ahli fisika lan matematika Inggris. Dhèwèké misuwur déning karyané ing hukum-hukum optika, gravitasi lan kalkulus diferensial.

Optika[besut | besut sumber]

Saka taun 1670 nganti 1672, Newton ngajar ing babagan optika. Rikala periode iki, Newton nginvestigasi refraksi cahya, nunjukna manawa kaca prisma bisa ngebagi-bagi cahya putih dadi pirang-pirang spektrum warna, lensa lan prisma kaloroné bisa nggabungna bali cahya-cahya mau dadi cahya putih.^[7]

Karya-karyané[besut | besut sumber]

Method of Fluxions (1671)
De Motu Corporum (1684)
Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687)
Opticks (1704)
Reports as Master of the Mint (1701-1725)
Arithmetica Universalis (1707)
An Historical Account of Two Notable Corruptions of Scripture(1754)

Short Chronicle, The System of the World, Optical Lectures, Universal Arithmetic, The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms, Amended lan De mundi systemate diterbitaké mawi cara anumreta ing taun 1728.

Rujukan[besut | besut sumber]

↑ ^a ^b During Newton's lifetime, two calendars were in use in Europe: the Julian ("Old Style") calendar in Protestant and Orthodox regions, including Britain; and the Gregorian ("New Style") calendar in Roman Catholic Europe. At Newton's birth, Gregorian dates were ten days ahead of Julian dates: thus his birth is recorded as taking place on 25 December 1642 Old Style, but can be converted to a New Style (modern) date of 4 January 1643. By the time of his death, the difference between the calendars had increased to eleven days: moreover, he died in the period after the start of the New Style year on 1 January, but before that of the Old Style new year on 25 March. His death occurred on 20 March 1726 according to the Old Style calendar, but the year is usually adjusted to 1727. A full conversion to New Style gives the date 31 March 1727. See Thony, Christie (2015) Calendrical confusion or just when did Newton die?, The Renaissance Mathematicus, retrieved 20 March 2015 from https://thonyc.wordpress.com/2015/03/20/calendrical-confusion-or-just-when-did-newton-die/
↑ Mordechai Feingold, Barrow, Isaac (1630–1677), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, May 2007; accessed 24 February 2009; explained further in Mordechai Feingold " Newton, Leibniz, and Barrow Too: An Attempt at a Reinterpretation"; Isis, Vol. 84, No. 2 (June, 1993), pp. 310-338
↑ Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Newton, Isaac, n.4
↑ Gjersten, Derek (1986). The Newton Handbook. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
↑ Westfall, Richard S. (1983) [1980]. Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. kc. 530–531. ISBN 978-0-521-27435-7.
↑ Snobelen, Stephen D. (1999). "Isaac Newton, heretic: the strategies of a Nicodemite" (PDF). British Journal for the History of Science. 32 (4): 381–419. doi:10.1017/S0007087499003751.
↑ Ball 1908, p. 324

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[OSNS-1] During Newton's lifetime, two calendars were in use in Europe: the Julian ("Old Style") calendar in Protestant and Orthodox regions, including Britain; and the Gregorian ("New Style") calendar in Roman Catholic Europe. At Newton's birth, Gregorian dates were ten days ahead of Julian dates: thus his birth is recorded as taking place on 25 December 1642 Old Style, but can be converted to a New Style (modern) date of 4 January 1643. By the time of his death, the difference between the calendars had increased to eleven days: moreover, he died in the period after the start of the New Style year on 1 January, but before that of the Old Style new year on 25 March. His death occurred on 20 March 1726 according to the Old Style calendar, but the year is usually adjusted to 1727. A full conversion to New Style gives the date 31 March 1727. See Thony, Christie (2015) Calendrical confusion or just when did Newton die?, The Renaissance Mathematicus, retrieved 20 March 2015 from https://thonyc.wordpress.com/2015/03/20/calendrical-confusion-or-just-when-did-newton-die/

[2] Mordechai Feingold, Barrow, Isaac (1630–1677), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, May 2007; accessed 24 February 2009; explained further in Mordechai Feingold " Newton, Leibniz, and Barrow Too: An Attempt at a Reinterpretation"; Isis, Vol. 84, No. 2 (June, 1993), pp. 310-338

[3] Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Newton, Isaac, n.4

[4] Gjersten, Derek (1986). The Newton Handbook. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

[More-5] Westfall, Richard S. (1983) [1980]. Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. kc. 530–531. ISBN 978-0-521-27435-7.

[heretic-6] Snobelen, Stephen D. (1999). "Isaac Newton, heretic: the strategies of a Nicodemite" (PDF). British Journal for the History of Science. 32 (4): 381–419. doi:10.1017/S0007087499003751.

[7] Ball 1908, p. 324

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