Mashallah ibn Athari

Masha'allah ibn Atharī (lair 740 - surut 815) inggih punika salah satunggaling peramal lan ugi minangka astronom saking kitha Basra (sapunika wonten ing Irak modhèren) saking abad kaping wolu ing Pèrsi lan lajeng dados peramal ingkang misuwur ing pungkasaning abad kaping wolu.^[1]^[2] Tembung Arab ma sha'a allaj nedahaken satunggaling prakawis ingkang dipunparingaken Allah lan dipuntemtokaken déning Alloh ngèngingi nasib ingkang saé utawi ingkang ala ingkang dipunparingaken dhateng tiyang mukmin. Piyambakipun dipunkacani déning penerjemah Latin kanthi nama Messahalla utawi ingkng gadhah nama dados Messala, Macellama, Macelarma, Messahalah. Ing bulan wonten satunggaling kawah ingkang dipunparingi nama the Messala ingkang pikantuk inspirasi saking namanipun piyambakipun. Ilmuwan sejarawan Donald Hill nyerat bilih Mashallah punika asalipun saking Khorasan.^[3]

Biografi

Ing jaman mudhanipun, Masha'allah ibn Athari sampun ndhèrèk partisipasi kanggé manggihaken kitha Baghdad ing taun 762 kanthi makarya kaliyan satunggaling klompik peramal ingkang dipunpandhegani déning Naubakht kanggé ngangkat bab pilihan astrologi ngengingi horoskop kanggé manggihaken kitha punika. Piyambakipun kathah nyerat bab astrologi lan sampun ngasilaken langkung saking kalih dasa karyanipun, lan lajeng misuwur wonten ing abad salajengipun ingkang dipunwiwiti saking Timur Tengah lan lajeng éwah tumuju dhateng sisih kulon nalika astrologi horoskop dipuntransmisikaken malih ing wiwitanipun abad kaping kalih welas wonten ing Éropah.

Mashallah makarya wonten ing babagan panyeratan ing Astral sympathies, ingkang punika ugi misuwur minangka babagan astrologi. Saking karyanipun ingkang langkung sking kalih dasa punika, namung wonten setungal karyanipun ingkang taksih kanthi asli dipunserat mawi seratan Arab,^[4] nanging kathah saking seratanipun ingkang dipunserat mawi basa medieval Latin,^[5], Bizantium Yunani^[6]^[7] lan ing pertalan basa Ibrani. Salah satunggaling bukunipun ingkang paling misuwur wonten ing abad tengahan inggih punika "De scientia motus orbis", ingkang dipunterjemahaken déning Gherardo Cremonese (Gerard sajung Cremona). Risalah Masha'allah punika "De mercibus" ("on prices") inggih punika asiling seratan bab ilmiah ingkang taksih dipunserat mawi basa Arab.^[8] Piyambakipun ugi nyerat satunggaling risalaha bab astronomi.

Bibliografi

De cogitatione
Epistola de rebus eclipsium et conjunctionibus planetarum (ddipunpendhet saking De magnis conjunctionibus déning Abu Ma'shar al Balkhi ; dipunalih aksarakaken ing basa Latin déning: John of Sevilla Hispalenis et Limiensis
De revolutionibus annorum mundi
De significationibus planetarum in nativitate
Liber receptioni
Works of Sahl and Masha'allah, trans. Benjamin Dykes, Cazimi Press, Golden Valley, MN, 2008.
Masha'allah, On Reception, trans. Robert Hand, ARHAT Publications, Reston, VA, 1998.

Cathetan suku

↑ Islam and Science, by M. H. Syed, p. 212
↑ David Pingree: "Māshā'allāh", Dictionary of Scientific Biography 9 (1974), 159–162.
↑ Donald R. Hill. Islamic Science and Engineering, 1994. p10. ISBN 0-7486-0457-X
↑ David Pingree: "Māshā'allāh: Greek, Pahlavī, Arabic, and Latin Astrology", in Perspectives arabes et médiévales sur la tradition scientifique et philosophique grecque. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 79. Leuven-Paris 1997. 123–136.
↑ Lynn Thorndike: "The Latin Translations of Astrological Works by Messahala", Osiris 12 (1956), 49–72.
↑ David Pingree: "The Byzantine Translations of Māshā'allāh on Interrogational Astrology", in The Occult Sciences in Byzantium. Ed. Paul Magdalino, Maria V. Mavroudi. Geneva 2006. 231–243.
↑ David Pingree: "From Alexandria to Baghdād to Byzantium: The Transmission of Astrology", International Journal of the Classical Tradition, Summer 2001, 3–37.
↑ Durant, Will (1950). The Age of Faith: A History of Medieval Civilization – Christian, Islamic, and Judaic – from Constantine to Dante A.D. 325–1300, p. 403. New York: Simon and Schuster

Jewish Encyclopedia – Mashallah
James Holden, A History of Horoscopic Astrology, American Federation of Astrologers, Tempe, AZ, 1996. ISBN 0-86690-463-8 Pgs. 104–107
"An Irish Astronomical Tract" translates by unknown, Two-thirds of the tract are part paraphrase and part translation of a Latin version of an Arabic treatise by Messahalah. University College of Cork in Ireland (Coláiste na hOllscoile Corcaigh) An Irish Astronomical Tract

[1] Islam and Science, by M. H. Syed, p. 212

[2] David Pingree: "Māshā'allāh", Dictionary of Scientific Biography 9 (1974), 159–162.

[3] Donald R. Hill. Islamic Science and Engineering, 1994. p10. ISBN 0-7486-0457-X

[4] David Pingree: "Māshā'allāh: Greek, Pahlavī, Arabic, and Latin Astrology", in Perspectives arabes et médiévales sur la tradition scientifique et philosophique grecque. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 79. Leuven-Paris 1997. 123–136.

[5] Lynn Thorndike: "The Latin Translations of Astrological Works by Messahala", Osiris 12 (1956), 49–72.

[6] David Pingree: "The Byzantine Translations of Māshā'allāh on Interrogational Astrology", in The Occult Sciences in Byzantium. Ed. Paul Magdalino, Maria V. Mavroudi. Geneva 2006. 231–243.

[7] David Pingree: "From Alexandria to Baghdād to Byzantium: The Transmission of Astrology", International Journal of the Classical Tradition, Summer 2001, 3–37.

[8] Durant, Will (1950). The Age of Faith: A History of Medieval Civilization – Christian, Islamic, and Judaic – from Constantine to Dante A.D. 325–1300, p. 403. New York: Simon and Schuster

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