Kopi Robusta

Kopi Robusta
Coffea canephora
Data
Sumber dari	Wiji kopi, Kopi Robusta lan coffee fruit
Status konsèrvasi
	Masalah Lua: expandTemplate: template "Filtra_idioma" does not exist.
	Spesies jroning kahanan aman
IUCN	18290186
Takson
''tanpa takson''	mesangiosperms ·
''tanpa takson''	eudicots ·
''tanpa takson''	core eudicots ·
''tanpa takson''	asterids ·
''tanpa takson''	lamiids ·
Ordo	Gentianales ·
Kulawarga	Rubiaceae ·
Subfamili	Ixoroideae ·
Tribus	Coffeeae ·
Genus	Coffea ·
Spesies	Coffea canephora; A.Froehner, 1897
Tata nama
Ex taxon author	Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre

Kopi robusta (jeneng Latin Coffea canephora utawa Coffea robusta ) iku turunan saka sawetara spesies kopi, utamané Coffea canephora. Kopi jinis iki tuwuh apik ing dhuwur 400-700 m saka permukaan laut, suhu 21-24. °C kanthi 3-4 wulan garing berturut-turut lan 3-4 wulan udan berturut-turut. Kualitas woh luwih murah tinimbang Arabica lan Liberica.

Kopi robusta makili antarane 40% lan 45% saka produksi kopi global, sing paling akeh yaiku Coffea arabica. ^[1] ^[2] Ana sawetara beda ing komposisi biji kopi saka C. arabica lan C. robusta. ^[3] ^[4] Wiji saka C. robusta cenderung nduweni tingkat kaasaman sing luwih murah, luwih pait, lan nduweni rasa sing luwih kayu lan kurang woh dibandhingake karo wiji C. arabika.

Katrangan

Tanduran iki nduweni sistem oyod sing cethek lan tuwuh dadi wit utawa semak sing dhuwure nganti 10 meter. Periode ngembang ora teratur lan mbutuhake udakara 10-11 sasi nganti woh bisa mateng, kanggo ngasilake biji kopi sing dikarepake. Kopi robusta ngasilake panen luwih akeh tinimbang arabika, lan ngemot kafein luwih akeh, yaiku 2,7% dibandhingake karo arabika sing mung ngemot 1,5%. ^[5] Kajaba iku, robusta uga luwih tahan serangan hama lan penyakit, ^[6] mula mbutuhake herbisida lan pestisida luwih sithik tinimbang tanduran arabika. Nanging, sawetara patogen kayata Hypothenemus hampei, Zeuzera sp. Xylosandrus sp, Coccus viridis, Ferrisia virgata, Cercospora, Psychidae, lan Pratylenchus coffeae bisa ngganggu produksi kopi robusta.^[7]

Penyebaran

C. canephora asalé saka alas dataran tinggi Ethiopia, ing ngendi uga tuwuh ing bagéan Afrika Tengah lan Afrika Kulon, wiwit saka Liberia nganti Tanzania lan Angola kidul. Tanduran iki ora diakoni minangka spesies kopi nganti taun 1897, ^[8] luwih saka abad sawisé ditemokaké spesies Coffea arabica. ^[9] ^[10] Robusta uga kacarita wis dikenalaké ing Borneo, Polinesia Prancis, Kosta Rika, Nikaragua, Jamaika lan Antillen Cilik.^[11]

Poto-poto

Kopi robusta garing
kembang kopi robusta
Kopi robusta buah

Cathetan sikil

↑ "World Robusta coffee production 2022". Statista (ing basa Inggris). Dibukak ing 2023-01-19.
↑ "World Arabica coffee production 2022". Statista (ing basa Inggris). Dibukak ing 2023-01-19.
↑ R Urgert and M B Katan (1 November 1996). "The cholesterol-raising factor from coffee beans". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 89 (11): 618–623. doi:10.1177/014107689608901107. PMC 1295997. PMID 9135590.
↑ Gaia Vince (16 November 2005). "Decaffeinated coffee may be harmful to heart". New Scientist. This article seems to have a mistake, using the word "diptenes" instead of "diterpenes", and also seems to contradict the above reference.
↑ Mark Nesbitt (2005). The Cultural History of Plants. Taylor & Francis. kc. 177. ISBN 978-0-203-02090-6. Dibukak ing 22 July 2011.
↑ Benoit Daviron; Stefano Ponte (2005). The Coffee Paradox: Global Markets, Commodity Trade and the Elusive Promise of Development. Zed Books. kc. 51. ISBN 978-1-84277-457-1.
↑ Fahira, Nurul Rifqah; Latunra, Andi Ilham; Johannes, Eva (2023-12-19). "Callus formation of Coffea canephora induced with 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and tomato extract supplements". Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal). 39 (3): 184–200. doi:10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v39i3.565. ISSN 2406-9574.
↑ Adolf,, Engler,; Germany), Königlicher Botanischer Garten (Berlin,; Germany), Königliches Botanisches Museum (Berlin, (1895–1918). "Notizblatt des Königl. Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin" (ing basa Inggris). bd.1 (1895–1897). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (pitulung)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
↑ von,, Linné, Carl; Lars,, Salvius, (1753). "Caroli Linnaei ... Species plantarum" (ing basa Inggris). 1. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (pitulung)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)
↑ Mark Nesbitt (2005). The Cultural History of Plants. Taylor & Francis. kc. 176. ISBN 978-0-203-02090-6. Dibukak ing 22 July 2011.
↑ "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org (ing basa Inggris Karajan Manunggal). Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2011-05-04. Dibukak ing 2017-08-01.

Pranala njaba

[1] "World Robusta coffee production 2022". Statista (ing basa Inggris). Dibukak ing 2023-01-19.

[2] "World Arabica coffee production 2022". Statista (ing basa Inggris). Dibukak ing 2023-01-19.

[3] R Urgert and M B Katan (1 November 1996). "The cholesterol-raising factor from coffee beans". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 89 (11): 618–623. doi:10.1177/014107689608901107. PMC 1295997. PMID 9135590.

[4] Gaia Vince (16 November 2005). "Decaffeinated coffee may be harmful to heart". New Scientist. This article seems to have a mistake, using the word "diptenes" instead of "diterpenes", and also seems to contradict the above reference.

[5] Mark Nesbitt (2005). The Cultural History of Plants. Taylor & Francis. kc. 177. ISBN 978-0-203-02090-6. Dibukak ing 22 July 2011.

[DavironPonte2005-6] Benoit Daviron; Stefano Ponte (2005). The Coffee Paradox: Global Markets, Commodity Trade and the Elusive Promise of Development. Zed Books. kc. 51. ISBN 978-1-84277-457-1.

[7] Fahira, Nurul Rifqah; Latunra, Andi Ilham; Johannes, Eva (2023-12-19). "Callus formation of Coffea canephora induced with 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and tomato extract supplements". Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal). 39 (3): 184–200. doi:10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v39i3.565. ISSN 2406-9574.

[8] Adolf,, Engler,; Germany), Königlicher Botanischer Garten (Berlin,; Germany), Königliches Botanisches Museum (Berlin, (1895–1918). "Notizblatt des Königl. Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin" (ing basa Inggris). bd.1 (1895–1897). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (pitulung)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)

[9] von,, Linné, Carl; Lars,, Salvius, (1753). "Caroli Linnaei ... Species plantarum" (ing basa Inggris). 1. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (pitulung)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link)

[10] Mark Nesbitt (2005). The Cultural History of Plants. Taylor & Francis. kc. 176. ISBN 978-0-203-02090-6. Dibukak ing 22 July 2011.

[11] "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org (ing basa Inggris Karajan Manunggal). Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2011-05-04. Dibukak ing 2017-08-01.

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