Perang Sadulur Amérika

Perang Sadulur Amérika
	; Saarah jarum jam saka ndhuwur: Pertempuran Gettysburg, Union Captain John Tidball's artillery, Confederate prisoners, ironclad USS Atlanta, reruntuhan Richmond, Virginia, Pertempuran Franklin
Titimangsa	12 April 1861 – 9 Mèi 1865 (miturut proklamasi); (4 taun, 3 minggu lan 6 dina); (Last shot fired June 22, 1865)
Pernah	Amérikah Sarékat Kidul, Amérikah Sarékat Lor-Wétan, Amérikah Sarékat Kulon, Samodra Atlantik
Asil	Union victory Batur tukon diilangi; Territorial integrity preserved; Destruction and dissolution of the Confederate States; Wiwité Éra Rékonstruksi;
Péhak kang perang
United States	Confederate States
Pangarep
Abraham Lincoln; Ulysses S. Grant; William T. Sherman; George B. McClellan; David Farragut and others	Jefferson Davis ; Robert E. Lee ; Joseph E. Johnston ; Stonewall Jackson (TKT); Raphael Semmes and others
Kakuwatan
2,200,000: Union Army; Union Marines; Union Navy; Revenue Service; 698,000 (peak)	750,000–1,000,000 Confederate Army; Confederate Marines; Confederate Navy; 360,000 (peak)
Kurban
110,000+ killed in action/died of wounds; 230,000+ accident/disease deaths; 25,000–30,000 died in Confederate prisons 365,000+ total dead 282,000+ wounded	94,000+ killed in action/died of wounds 26,000–31,000 died in Union prisons 290,000+ total dead 137,000+ wounded
	50,000 civilians dead; Total: 705,000–900,000+ dead

Perang Sadulur Amérika (Inggris: American Civil War) ya iku perang sadulur ing Amérikah Sarékat saka taun 1861 nganti 1865. Union ngadhepi secessionists ing sewelas nagara Kidul diklompokaké minangka Konfederasi Amérika. Union menang perang, kang tetep paling berdarah ing sajarah AS.

Antarane 34 praja AS ing Januari 1861, pitu praja budak tlatah Kidul (Southern) mbiwara secession saka AS lan mangun Konfederasi Amérika. Perang pecah ing April 1861 nalika Konfederasi nyerang beteng AS Fort Sumter. Konfederasi tambah sewelas praja; Konfederasi ngeklaim rong praja liyané lan tlatah kulon Arizona. Konfederasi ora tau diakoni kanthi diplomasi déning nagara manca. praja kang tetep setya, kalebu nagara wewatesan ngendi batur tukon légal, mau Union utawa Lor (the North). Perang rampung kanthi nyerahé kabèh bala Konfederasi lan ambruké pamaréntah Konfederasi ing mangsa semi 1865.

Perang iki diwiwiti saka masalah batur tukon, mligi nyebaré batur tukon menyang tlatah kulon. Papat taun peperangan kuat ninggal 620.000-750.000 prajurit mati, jumlahé punjul pati militèr Amérika ing Perang Donya I lan Perang Donya II digabungaké, lan akèh infrastruktur Kidul kang dirusak. Konfederasi ambruk lan 4 yuta babu padha dibebaske (paling akèh déning Proklamasi Émansipasi Lincoln). Éra Rékonstruksi (1863-1877) sawisé perang ya iku prosès kanggo mulihake manunggaling nagara, nguwataké pamaréntahan nasional, lan mènèhi hak-hak sipil kanggo babu kang dibébasaké.

Rérefènsi

Cathetan

Sitiran

↑ "The Belligerent Rights of the Rebels at an End. All Nations Warned Against Harboring Their Privateers. If They Do Their Ships Will be Excluded from Our Ports. Restoration of Law in the State of Virginia. The Machinery of Government to be Put in Motion There". The New York Times. Associated Press. May 10, 1865. Dibukak ing December 23, 2013.
↑ ^a ^b Total number that served
↑ ^a ^b ^c "Facts". National Park Service.
↑ "Size of the Union Army in the American Civil War": Of which 131,000 were in the Navy and Marines, 140,000 were garrison troops and home defense militia, and 427,000 were in the field army.
↑ Long, E. B. The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861–1865. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971. OCLC 68283123. p. 705.
↑ "The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. ; Series 4 - Volume 2", United States. War Dept 1900.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Fox, William F. Regimental losses in the American Civil War (1889)
↑ ^a ^b ^c "Official DOD data". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2014-02-28. Dibukak ing 2016-09-14.
↑ Chambers & Anderson 1999, kc. 849.
↑ Nofi, Al (June 13, 2001). "Statistics on the War's Costs". Louisiana State University. Diarsip saka sing asli ing July 11, 2007. Dibukak ing October 14, 2007.
↑ Recounting the dead, Associate Professor J. David Hacker, "estimates, based on Census data, indicate that the death toll was approximately 750,000, and may have been as high as 850,000"

Bibliografi

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Wacan luwih lanjut

Gugliotta, Guy. New Estimate Raises Civil War Death Toll, The New York Times, April 3, 2012, p. D1 (of the New York edition), and April 2, 2012 on NYTimes.com. Retrieved 2012-04-03 online.
Bibliography of American Civil War naval history
"American Civil War" . Encyclopædia Britannica (ing basa Inggris) (édhisi ka-11). 1911.

Pranala njaba

American Civil War ing Curlie
Civil War photos at the National Archives
View images from the Civil War Photographs Collection at the Library of Congress
Civil War Trust
Civil War Era Digital Collection at Gettysburg College This collection contains digital images of political cartoons, personal papers, pamphlets, maps, paintings and photographs from the Civil War Era held in Special Collections at Gettysburg College.
Civil War 150 Washington Post interactive website on the 150th Anniversary of the American Civil War.
Civil War in the American South – An Association of Southeastern Research Libraries (ASERL) portal with links to almost 9,000 digitized Civil War-era items—books, pamphlets, broadsides, letters, maps, personal papers, and manuscripts—held at ASERL member libraries
The Civil War – site with 7,000 pages, including the complete run of Harper's Weekly newspapers from the Civil War
Filem cekak A HOUSE DIVIDED (1960) cumepak kanggo diundhuh lahanan ing Internet Archive
Civil War Living History Reenactments (videos)
West Point Atlas of Civil War Battles
"American Civil World" maps at the Persuasive Cartography, The PJ Mode Collection, Cornell University Library

[NYT_JD_Cap-1] "The Belligerent Rights of the Rebels at an End. All Nations Warned Against Harboring Their Privateers. If They Do Their Ships Will be Excluded from Our Ports. Restoration of Law in the State of Virginia. The Machinery of Government to be Put in Motion There". The New York Times. Associated Press. May 10, 1865. Dibukak ing December 23, 2013.

[auto-2] Total number that served

[nps.gov-3] "Facts". National Park Service.

[4] "Size of the Union Army in the American Civil War": Of which 131,000 were in the Navy and Marines, 140,000 were garrison troops and home defense militia, and 427,000 were in the field army.

[5] Long, E. B. The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861–1865. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1971. OCLC 68283123. p. 705.

[6] "The war of the rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies. ; Series 4 - Volume 2", United States. War Dept 1900.

[civilwarhome.com-7] Fox, William F. Regimental losses in the American Civil War (1889)

[Official_DOD_data-8] "Official DOD data". Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2014-02-28. Dibukak ing 2016-09-14.

[FOOTNOTEChambersAnderson1999849-9] Chambers & Anderson 1999, kc. 849.

[StatsWarCost-10] Nofi, Al (June 13, 2001). "Statistics on the War's Costs". Louisiana State University. Diarsip saka sing asli ing July 11, 2007. Dibukak ing October 14, 2007.

[11] Recounting the dead, Associate Professor J. David Hacker, "estimates, based on Census data, indicate that the death toll was approximately 750,000, and may have been as high as 850,000"

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