Chal
 Bowls of shubat (left), beverage of fermented camel milk, and kumis (right), beverage made from fermented mare's milk | |
| Jeneng liyané | Shubat |
|---|---|
| Panggonan asal | Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan |
| Woworan pokok | Camel milk |
 Buku masakan: Chal  Médhia: Chal | |
Chal, utawa shubat ( Kazakh: шұбат , pronounced [ɕʊbɑt] ), punika salah sawijining jinis olahan saka Turkic (utamané Turkmen lan Kazakh ) arupa wedang saka fermentasi susu unta, sing mencorong putih karo roso ora nguntungke, populer ing Asia Tengah - utamané ing Kazakhstan lan Turkmenistan . [1] Ing Kazakhstan, ombenan kasebut dikenal minangka shubat, lan minangka panganan musim panas utama. [2] Amarga sarat persiyapan lan alam sing rusak, chal kabukten angel diekspor. [3] Agaran (krim fermentasi) dikumpulake saka ndhuwur chal.
Rujukan[besut | besut sumber]
- ↑ Anatoly Michailovich Khazanov (15 May 1994). Nomads and the outside world (édhisi ka-2nd). Univ of Wisconsin Press. kc. 49. ISBN 978-0-299-14284-1.
- ↑ Aliya Meldebekova; Gaukhar Konuspayeva; Emilie Diacono; Bernard Faye (2008). "Heavy Metals and Trace Elements Content in Camel Milk and Shubat from Kazakhstan". Ing Yuriy Sinyavskiy; Bernard Faye (èd.). Impact of Pollution on Animal Products (NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security). Berlin: Springer. kc. 117–123. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-8359-4. ISBN 978-1-4020-8357-0.
- ↑ "Great Culinary Dictionary. Chal in Russian, retrieved April 11, 2007". Diarsip saka sing asli ing October 13, 2007. Dibukak ing April 11, 2007.