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Rembrandt

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Rembrandt van Rijn
Self-Portrait with Beret and Turned-Up Collar (1659), National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
LairRembrant Harmenszoon van Rijn
(1606-07-15)15 Juli 1606[1]
Leiden, Republik Nèderlan (saiki Nèderlan)
Pati4 Oktober 1669(1669-10-04) (umur 63)
Amsterdam, Republik Nèderlan (saiki Nèderlan)
BangsaNèderlan
Kondhang ingNglukis, Printmaking
Karya kondhangThe Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp, 1632
Belshazzar's Feast, 1635
The Night Watch, 1642
Bathsheba at Her Bath, 1654
Syndics of the Drapers' Guild, 1662
ObahanDutch Golden Age
Baroque

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (/ˈrɛmbrænt, -brɑːnt/;[2] Dutch: [ˈrɛmbrɑnt ˈɦɑrmə(n)soːn vɑn ˈrɛin] ( rungokaké); 15 Juli 1606[1] – 4 Oktober 1669) iku sawijining pelukis lan etcher Walanda. Dhéwéké kanthi umum dianggep salah siji saka pelukis lan printmaker paling misuwur ing kagunan Éropah lan paling wigati ing sajarah Walanda.[3] Sumbangané ing kagunan teka ing periode sugih lan prestasi budaya kang karan sajarawan Jaman Kuncaraning Walanda nalika lukisan Jaman Kuncaraning Walanda, sanajan ing akèh cara antithetical karo gaya Baroque kang ndominasi Éropah, produktif lan inovatif banget, lan maringi munggah kanggo aliran anyar wigati ing lukisan.

Duwe ngrambah sukses pas enom dadi sawijining pelukis potrèt, taun mengko Rembrandt kang ditandhani déning tragedi pribadi lan kangèlan finansial. Nanging etching lan lukisané padha misuwur ing saindhenging umur, reputasi minangka artis tetep dhuwur,[4] lan kanggo rong puluh taun mulang akèh pelukis wigati Walanda.[5] Kamenangan kréatif gedhé dhéwé Rembrandt ana mligi ing potrèt kontemporèré, potrèt-dhiri lan ilustrasi saka sesawangan saka Injil. Potrèt-dhiriné mbentuk biografi unik lan intim, kang artis nliti piyambak tanpa vanitas lan karo sakabehe ikhlas.[3]

Ing lukisan lan print dhèwèké nuduhaké kawruh ikonografi klasik, kang dicetak pas karo syarat pengalamané dhéwé; mangkono, penggambaran sesawangan Alkitab iki dituduhaké déning kawruh Rembrandt ing teks tartamtu, asimilasi saka komposisi klasik, lan pengamatan ing populasi Yahudi Amsterdam.[6] Amarga saka empati kanggo kaanan manungsa, Rembrandt karan "salah satunggaling nabi gedhé saka peradaban."[7]

Cathetan

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  1. ↑ a b Or possibly 1607 as on 10 June 1634 he himself claimed to be 26 years old. See Is the Rembrandt Year being celebrated one year too soon? One year too late? and (ing basa Walanda) J. de Jong, Rembrandts geboortejaar een jaar te vroeg gevierd for sources concerning Rembrandts birth year, especially supporting 1607. However most sources continue to use 1606.
  2. ↑ "Rembrandt". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
  3. ↑ a b Gombrich, p. 420.
  4. ↑ Gombrich, p. 427.
  5. ↑ Clark 1969, kc. 203
  6. ↑ Clark 1969, kc. 203–204
  7. ↑ Clark 1969, kc. 205
Masalah sitiran: Tenger <ref> kanthi jeneng "zamek" sing diwedharaké ing <references> ora kanggo ing tèks sadurungé.

Réferènsi

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  • Ackley, Clifford, et al., Rembrandt's Journey, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 2004. ISBN 0-87846-677-0
  • Adams, Laurie Schneider (1999). Art Across Time. Volume II. McGraw-Hill College, New York, NY.
  • Bull, Duncan, et al., Rembrandt-Caravaggio, Rijksmuseum, 2006.
  • Clark, Kenneth (1969). Civilisation: a personal view. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 9780060108014.
  • Clark, Kenneth, An Introduction to Rembrandt, 1978, London, John Murray/Readers Union, 1978
  • Clough, Shepard B. (1975). European History in a World Perspective. D.C. Heath and Company, Los Lexington, MA. ISBN 0-669-85555-3.
  • Driessen, Christoph, Rembrandts vrouwen, Bert Bakker, Amsterdam, 2012. ISBN 9789035136908
  • Durham, John I. (2004). Biblical Rembrandt: Human Painter In A Landscape Of Faith. Mercer University Press. ISBN 0-86554-886-2.
  • Gombrich, E.H., The Story of Art, Phaidon, 1995. ISBN 0-7148-3355-X
  • Hughes, Robert (2006), "The God of Realism", The New York Review of Books, Rea S. Hederman, 53 (6)
  • The Complete Etchings of Rembrandt Reproduced in Original Size, Gary Schwartz (editor). New York: Dover, 1988. ISBN 0-486-28181-7
  • Slive, Seymour, Dutch Painting, 1600–1800, Yale UP, 1995, ISBN 0-300-07451-4
  • van de Wetering, Ernst, Rembrandt: The Painter at Work, Amsterdam University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-520-22668-2
  • Rembrandt by himself (Christopher White — Editor, Quentin Buvelot — Editor) National Gallery Co Ltd [1999]
  • Roberto Manescalchi, Rembrandt: la madre ritrovata, M.C.M.(La storia delle cose), dicembre, 2004.
  • Christopher White, The Late Etchings of Rembrandt, 1969, British Museum/Lund Humphries, London
  • Bomford, D. et al., Art in the making: Rembrandt, New edition, Yale University Press, 2006

Pranala njaba

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