Panumpes ing Kamboja

Panumpes ing Kamboja
Panumpes ing Kamboja
Péranganing Khmer Rouge pandhéganing Kamboja
Pernah	Democratic Kampuchea
Tanggal	17 April 1975 – 7 Januari, 1979 (3 taun, 8 sasi, 20 dina)
Inceran
Jinising serangan	Genocide, classicide, politicide, torture, famine, forced labor, deportation, crimes against humanity
Pepati	1.671 - 1.871 yuta; 1.8 - 2.5 yuta
Sing nindakaké	Khmer Rouge
Motive

Panumpes ing Kamboja utawa Génosidha ing Kamboja (Khmer: ហាយនភាពខ្មែរ or ការប្រល័យពូជសាសន៍ខ្មែរ, Prancis: Génocide cambodgien) ya iku sawijining panumpes gedhèn-gedhèn kang katindakaké ing Kamboja déning rézim Khmer Rouge sangisoring pandhéganing Pol Pot. Kurban mati saka panumpes iki ngancik udakara 1.671 lan 1.871 yuta saka taun 1975 nganti taun 1979, utawa 21 nganti 24 persèn saka populasiné Kamboja ing taun 1975.^[1] Khmer Rogue duwé pepénginan ndadèkaké nagara iku républik agraria sosialis, adhédhasar aturan-aturan ultra-Maoisme.^[3]^[4] Ing taun 1976, Khmer Rouge ngowahi jeneng nagarané dadi Kampuchéa Dhémokratik. Supaya ancasé bisa kagayuh, Khmer Rouge ngothongaké kutha kanthi meksa wong-wong Kamboja supaya pindhah (rélokasi) menyang pondhokan-pondhokan kanggoné para buruh kang pernahé ing sapinggiring nagara kuwi. Ing papan kuwi, akèh panumpesan gedhèn-gedhèn, buruh peksan, pilara fisik, malnutrisi, lan lelara. Bab-bab kasebut nyebabaké 25 persèn saka populasiné wong Kamboja tiwas. ^[5]^[6] Udakara 20.000 wong Kamboja kudu manggon ana ing Tuol Sleng (uga dikenal mawa jeneng Kunjara Kaamanan S-21), siji saka 196 kunjara kang dilakokaé déning Khmer Rouge,^[7]^[8] lan mung ana wong dhiwasa cacah 7 kang kasil meger.^[9] Para pasakitan digiring menyang Lapangan Panumpesan, lan ing kana wong-wong kasebut diukum mati (kerepé nganggo pickaxes supaya bisa hemat pluru^[10]) lan dikubur ing pakuburan masal.

Rujukan

↑ ^a ^b Kiernan, Ben (2003). "The Demography of Genocide in Southeast Asia. The Death Tolls in Cambodia, 1975-79, and East Timor, 1975-80". Critical Asian Studies. 35 (4): 585–597. doi:10.1080/1467271032000147041.
↑ http://www.mekong.net/cambodia/deaths.htm COUNTING HELL by Bruce Sharp
↑ Jackson, Karl D (1989). Cambodia, 1975–1978: Rendezvous with Death. Princeton University Press. kc. 219. ISBN 978-0-691-02541-4.
↑ Ervin Staub. The roots of evil: the origins of genocide and other group violence. Cambridge University Press, 1989. p. 202
↑ Etcheson 2005, kc. 119.
↑ Heuveline 1998, kc. 49–65.
↑ Locard, Henri (March 2005). "State Violence in Democratic Kampuchea (1975–1979) and Retribution (1979–2004)". European Review of History. 12 (1): 121–143. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.692.8388. doi:10.1080/13507480500047811. Since 1979, the so-called Pol Pot regime has been equated to Hitler and the Nazis. This is why the word 'genocide' (associated with Nazism) has been used for the first time in a distinctly Communist regime by the invading Vietnamese to distance themselves from a government they had overturned. This 'revisionism' was expressed in several ways. The Khmer Rouge were said to have killed 3.3 million, some 1.3 million more people than they had in fact killed. There was one abominable state prison, S–21, now the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum. In fact, there were more than 150 on the same model, at least one per district.
↑ "Mapping the Killing Fields". Documentation Center of Cambodia. Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2016-03-26. Dibukak ing 2018-06-06. Through interviews and physical exploration, DC-Cam identified 19,733 mass burial pits, 196 prisons that operated during the Democratic Kampuchea (DK) period, and 81 memorials constructed by survivors of the DK regime.
↑ Kiernan, Ben (2014). The Pol Pot Regime: Race, Power, and Genocide in Cambodia Under the Khmer Rouge, 1975–79. Yale University Press. kc. 464. ISBN 9780300142990. Like all but seven of the twenty thousand Tuol Sleng prisoners, she was murdered anyway.
↑ Landsiedel, Peter, “The Killing Fields: Genocide in Cambodia”, ‘’P&E World Tour’’, March 27th, 2017. Accessed March 17th, 2019

Cathetan suku

↑ Cambodia's previous military and political leadership, business leaders, journalists, students, doctors, lawyers, Buddhists, Chams, Chinese Cambodians, Christians, intellectuals, Thai Cambodians, Vietnamese Cambodians
↑ Anti-Buddhism, anti-Cham sentiment, classism, anti-Christianity, anti-intellectualism, anti-Thai sentiment, anti-Vietnamese sentiment, Islamophobia, Khmer ultra-nationalism, Sinophobia, Marxism, Communism

[kiernanD-2] Kiernan, Ben (2003). "The Demography of Genocide in Southeast Asia. The Death Tolls in Cambodia, 1975-79, and East Timor, 1975-80". Critical Asian Studies. 35 (4): 585–597. doi:10.1080/1467271032000147041.

[3] ttp://www.mekong.net/cambodia/deaths.htm COUNTING HELL by Bruce Sharp

[5] Jackson, Karl D (1989). Cambodia, 1975–1978: Rendezvous with Death. Princeton University Press. kc. 219. ISBN 978-0-691-02541-4.

[6] Ervin Staub. The roots of evil: the origins of genocide and other group violence. Cambridge University Press, 1989. p. 202

[FOOTNOTEEtcheson2005119-7] Etcheson 2005, kc. 119.

[FOOTNOTEHeuveline199849–65-8] Heuveline 1998, kc. 49–65.

[9] Locard, Henri (March 2005). "State Violence in Democratic Kampuchea (1975–1979) and Retribution (1979–2004)". European Review of History. 12 (1): 121–143. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.692.8388. doi:10.1080/13507480500047811. Since 1979, the so-called Pol Pot regime has been equated to Hitler and the Nazis. This is why the word 'genocide' (associated with Nazism) has been used for the first time in a distinctly Communist regime by the invading Vietnamese to distance themselves from a government they had overturned. This 'revisionism' was expressed in several ways. The Khmer Rouge were said to have killed 3.3 million, some 1.3 million more people than they had in fact killed. There was one abominable state prison, S–21, now the Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum. In fact, there were more than 150 on the same model, at least one per district.

[10] "Mapping the Killing Fields". Documentation Center of Cambodia. Diarsip saka sing asli ing 2016-03-26. Dibukak ing 2018-06-06. Through interviews and physical exploration, DC-Cam identified 19,733 mass burial pits, 196 prisons that operated during the Democratic Kampuchea (DK) period, and 81 memorials constructed by survivors of the DK regime.

[11] Kiernan, Ben (2014). The Pol Pot Regime: Race, Power, and Genocide in Cambodia Under the Khmer Rouge, 1975–79. Yale University Press. kc. 464. ISBN 9780300142990. Like all but seven of the twenty thousand Tuol Sleng prisoners, she was murdered anyway.

[12] Landsiedel, Peter, “The Killing Fields: Genocide in Cambodia”, ‘’P&E World Tour’’, March 27th, 2017. Accessed March 17th, 2019

[NCambgen1-1] Cambodia's previous military and political leadership, business leaders, journalists, students, doctors, lawyers, Buddhists, Chams, Chinese Cambodians, Christians, intellectuals, Thai Cambodians, Vietnamese Cambodians

[NCambgen2-4] Anti-Buddhism, anti-Cham sentiment, classism, anti-Christianity, anti-intellectualism, anti-Thai sentiment, anti-Vietnamese sentiment, Islamophobia, Khmer ultra-nationalism, Sinophobia, Marxism, Communism

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