Deleng sumberé Kali Amur

{{Chinese
|rus=Амур<br />(''Amur'')
|s=黑龙江
|t=黑龍江
|p= Hēilóng Jiāng
|l="Kali  [[Naga Cina|Naga]] Ireng"
|mon=Хар Мөрөн<br />(''Khar Mörön'')
|mnc=[[Gambar:ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ ᡠᠯᠠ.SVG|25px]]<br />(''Sahaliyan Ula'')
|pic=
|piccap=[[Kreteg Khabarovsk]].<br />(Note: Kreteg dirékonstruksi ing [[1999]].)
}}
{{Infobox Kali | river_name = Amur
  | image_name = Amur_watershed.png
  | caption = Laladan ilèn Amur
  | origin = Gunung-gunung ing [[Cina]] lor-wétan
  | mouth = [[Samodra Pasifik]], liwat [[Selat Tartar]]
  | basin_countries = [[Cina]], [[Ruslan]], [[Mongolia]] 
  | length = 4,444 km (2,761 mi)
  | elevation = 
  | discharge = 
  | watershed = 1,855,000 km² (716,200 mi²)
}}
[[Gambar:Amurbridge2.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Kreteg]] kali Amur sawisé direkontruksi [[taun]] [[1999]] ]].

'''Kali Amur''' utawa '''Heilong Jiang''' ({{lang-ru|река Аму́р}}) iku kali kang nomer 9 paling dawa ing donya, dadi tapel wates antara [[Ruslan]] wétan lan Cina lor-wétan.

== Sajarah ==
Ing referensi sajarah loro entitas geopolitik iki dikenal minangka [[Manchuria Njaba]] ([[Manchuria Ruslan]]) lan [[Manchuria Njero]].  Provinsi [[Heilongjiang]] ing Cina dumunung ana ing sisih kidul kali lan dijenengaké miturut jenengé kali iki, mangkono uga [[Amur Oblast]], [[Ruslan]] ing pereng sisih lor.

Kali Amur iku minangka simbol wigati banget tumrap — lan faktor geopolitik wigati ing — gayutan Cina-Ruslan.  Kali Amur mligi wigati ing sajeroning mangsa sawisé pamisahan politis Sino-Soviet ing taun [[1960]]-an.

Jeneng Kali Ireng utawa ''[[Black River]]'' dipigunakaké déning wong [[Manchu]] lan  [[Dinasti Qing]] kang tansah nganggep yèn kali iki panggonan kang suci.

Distrik Amuri ing [[Tampere]] uga éntuk jeneng sawisé pertempuran ing kali iki sajeroning perang [[Ruslan]]-[[Jepang]].

Sumber ékonomi ing laladan ilèn Kali Amur ya iku: pabrik, [[metalurgi]], tambang [[wesi]], ''[[non-ferrous metals]]'', [[emas]], [[batubara]], [[listrik tenaga banyu]], [[gandum]], [[biji wesi]], [[kedhelé]], [[iwak]], [[kayu]] lan perdhagangan [[Cina]]-[[Ruslan]].  Tambang lenga [[Daqing]], nomer 4 ing donya, dumunung ana ing cedhak kutha Daqing ing Heilongjiang, atusan kilomèter saka Kali Amur.
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==Direction==
Flowing across northeast [[Asia]] for over 4,444 [[kilometre|km]] (2,700 [[mile|mi]]), from the [[mountain]]s of northeastern [[China]] to the [[Sea of Okhotsk]] (near [[Nikolayevsk-na-Amure]]), it drains a remarkable watershed that includes diverse landscapes of [[desert]], [[steppe]], [[tundra]], and [[taiga]], eventually emptying into the Pacific Ocean through the [[Strait of Tartary]], where the mouth of the river faces the northern end of the island of [[Sakhalin]]. The Amur has always been closely associated with Sakhalin, and most names for the island, even in the languages of the indigenous peoples of the region, are derived from the name of the river: "Sakhalin" derives from a [[Tungusic languages|Tungusic]] dialectal form cognate with Manchu ''sahaliyan'' ("black," as in ''sahaliyan ula'', "Black River"), while Ainu and Japanese "Karaputo" or "[[Karafuto]]" is derived from the [[Ainu language|Ainu]] name of the Amur or its mouth.  [[Anton Chekhov]] vividly described the Amur River in writings about his journey to Sakhalin Island in 1890.

The average annual discharge varies from 6000 m³/s (1980) - 12000 m³/s (1957), leading to an average 9819 m³/s or 310 km³ per year. The maximum runoff measured occurred in Oct 1951 with 30700 m³/s whereas the minimum discharge was recorded in March 1946 with a mere 514 m³/s. [http://webworld.unesco.org/water/ihp/db/shiklomanov/part'4/FORMER%20USSR/RUSSIA/Amur%20at%20Komsomolsk.html]

==Tributaries==
The Amur proper is 2,874 km long after the junction of two rivers:
* Northern tributary: the [[Shilka River|Shilka]], originating from the eastern slopes of the [[Khentii Mountains]] in [[Mongolia]].
* Southern tributary: the [[Argun River, Asia|Argun]], originating on the western slopes of the [[Great Khingan]] Range (大興安嶺) in northeast [[China]].

The Shilka and the Argun join at Moguhe Village (洛古河村), in western Mohe County (漠河-
县) in Heilongjiang Province, China, and become the Amur proper.
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== Anak kali ==
Anak kali kang wigati ya iku:
* [[Kali Shilka|Shilka]],
* [[Kali Argun, Asia|Argun]],
* [[Kali Zeya|Zeya]],
* [[Kali Bureya|Bureya]],
* [[Kali Songhua|Sunggari]],
* [[Kali Ussuri|Ussuri]],
* [[Kali Amgun|Amgun]]
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The Amur is bordered by [[Heilongjiang]] province of China in the south, and [[Amur Oblast]], [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast]], and [[Khabarovsk Krai]] of Russia in the north. The final stretch of the Amur passes through Khabarovsk Krai. 
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== Kutha kang diliwati ==
* [[Huma County|Huma]] (Cina, pèrèng kidul)
* [[Blagoveshchensk]] (Ruslan, pèrèng lor)
* [[Heihe]] (Cina, pèrèng kidul)
* [[Jiayin]] (Cina, pèrèng kidul)
* [[Tongjiang]] (Cina, pèrèng kidul)
* [[Fuyuan]] (Cina, pèrèng kidul)
* [[Khabarovsk]] (Ruslan, pèrèng kidul)
* [[Komsomolsk-na-Amure]] (Ruslan, pèrèng lor)
* [[Amursk]] (Ruslan, pèrèng lor)
* [[Nikolayevsk-na-Amure]] (Ruslan, pèrèng lor)
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==Amur Bridge Project==
[[Valery Solomonovich Gurevich]], government vice-chairman of Russia’s [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast]] said that China and Russia will start construction of the [[Amur Bridge Project]] at the end of 2007. [http://www.timesfirst.com/news_detail.aspx?NewsID=1003] The bridge will link [[Nizhneleninskoye]] in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast with [[Tongjiang]] in [[Heilongjiang Province]]. [http://www.timesfirst.com/news_detail.aspx?NewsID=1003] The 2,197-meter-long bridge, with an estimated investment of nearly US$230 million, is expected to be finished by the end of 2010, Gurevich said. [http://www.china.org.cn/english/BAT/214252.htm] Gurevich said that the proposal to construct a bridge across the river was actually made by Russia, in view of growing cargo transportation demands. "The bridge, in the bold estimate, will be finished in three years," Gurevich said. [http://en.bcnq.com/bizchina/2007-06/28/content_5421141.htm]
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== Uga delengen ==
* [[Amur cork tree]]
* [[Amur Falcon]] 
* [[Amur Leopard]]

== Pranala njaba ==
* [http://earthtrends.wri.org/maps_spatial/maps_detail_static.cfm?map_select=344&theme=2 Informasi lan peta Amur] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050408052638/http://earthtrends.wri.org/maps_spatial/maps_detail_static.cfm?map_select=344&theme=2 |date=2005-04-08 }}

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[[Kategori:Kali ing Cina]]
[[Kategori:Kali ing Manchuria]]
[[Kategori:Kali ing Ruslan]]