Deleng sumberé Asem sinamat

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 300784673
|   Name = Asam sinamat
|   ImageFile = cinnamicacid2.png
|   ImageName = Skeletal formula of the trans form
|   ImageFile1 = Cinnamic-acid-3D-balls-B.png
|   ImageSize1 = 220px
|   ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick model of the trans form
|   IUPACName = ([[entgegen|''E'']])-3-phenylprop-2-enoic acid
|   OtherNames = Cinnamic Acid<br />''trans''-Cinnamic Acid<br />Phenylacrylic acid<br />Cinnamylic acid<br />3-Phenylacrylic acid<br />(E)-Cinnamic acid<br />Benzenepropenoic acid<br />Isocinnamic acid
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|   CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}}
|   CASNo = 140-10-3
|   PubChem = 444539
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|   Formula = C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>2</sub>
|   MolarMass = 148.17 g/mol
|   ExactMass = 148.05243
|   Appearance = kristal
|   Solubility = 0.4 g/L
|   Density = 1.2475 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
|   MeltingPt = 134&nbsp;°C
|   BoilingPt = 300&nbsp;°C
|   pKa = 4.44
|   SolubleOther = kloroform 0.93 M, etanol 0.86 M, metanol 1.1 M [http://oru.edu/cccda/sl/solubility/allsolvents.php?solute=cinnamic%20acid Solubility of cinnamic acid in non-aqueous solvents]
|    Solvent = [[chloroform]], [[ethanol]], [[methanol]]
  }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
|   ExternalMSDS =
|   EUClass = Irritant ('''Xi''')
|   RPhrases = {{R36}}
|   SPhrases = {{S25}}
|   FlashPt = >110&nbsp;°C
  }}
}}

'''Asem sinamat''' duwé rumus kimia C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>CHCHCOOH utawa C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>8</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, awujud kristal putih, sithik kang larut ing banyu, lan duwé titik leleh 133<sup>°</sup>C sarta titik didih 300<sup>°</sup>C.[http://riodb01.ibase.aist.go.jp/sdbs/cgi-bin/direct_frame_top.cgi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611030206/http://riodb01.ibase.aist.go.jp/sdbs/cgi-bin/direct_frame_top.cgi |date=2010-06-11 }} Asam sinamat kalebu senyawa [[fenol]] kang diasilake saka lintasan [[asem sikimat]] lan reaksi candhaké.<ref name="Salisbury">Salisbury FB, Ross CW. 1995. ''Fisiologi Tumbuhan, Jilid 2''. penerjemah: Lukman DR, Sumaryono. Bandung:Penerbit ITB. Hal:145-147. ISBN 979-8591-27-5</ref> Bahan dasare ya iku fenilalanin lan tirosin padha karo [[asem kafeat]], [[asem p-kumarat]], lan [[asem ferulat]].<ref name="Salisbury"/> Patang senyawa mau wigati ora amarga cacahé akèh ing wujud tak terikat (bébas), nanging amarga kabèh mau dioawahi dadi pirang-pirang turunan ing sisih protéin.<ref name="Salisbury"/> Turunane kalebu [[fitoaleksin]], [[kumarin]], [[lignin]], lan pirang-pirang [[flavonoid]] kaya ta [[antosianin]].<ref name="Salisbury"/>

== Biosintesis ==
Biosintesis utawa pambentukan saka senyawa [[flavonoid]], [[stilben]], [[hidroksisinamat]] (turunan asem sinamat kang ngandhut gugus hidroksil utawa -OH kaya ta asem kafeat, asem ferulat, lan asem p-kumarat) lan asem fenol nglibatake jaringan kompleks saka lintasan [[asem sikimat]], [[fenilpropanoid]], lan [[flavonoid]].<ref name="Crozier">Crozier A, Clifford MN, Ashihara H. 2006. ''Plant Secondary Metabolites: Occurrence, Structure and Role in the Human Diet''. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Hal: 12-14. ISBN 978-1-4051-2509-3</ref>
Reaksi wigati ing pambentukan asem sinamat lan pirang-pirang turunane ya iku pangowahan fenilalanin dadi asem sinamat lumantar prosès deaminasi utawa pelesan [[amonia]] saka fenilalanin kanggo mbentuk asem sinamat.<ref name="Salisbury"/> Reaksi iki dikaalisis déning enzim [[fenilalanin amonia liase]]. Banjur asem sinamat diowahi dadi p-kumarat kanthi penambahan siji atom oksigèn saka O<sub>2</sub>
lan atom H saka [[NADPH]] langsung ing posisi [[para]] saka asem sinamat (posisi atom karbon kaping papat diitung saka gugus asem sinamat ing ali-ali benzena).<ref name="Salisbury"/> Panambahan manèh ing gugus hidroksil (OH) liyané ing sisih gugus OH saka asama p-kumarat kanthi reaksi kang padha ngasilaké asem kafeat.<ref name="Salisbury"/> Penambahan gugus [[metil]] (-CH<sub>3</sub>) dari [[S-adenosil metionin]] (SAM) e gugus OH saka asem kafeat ngasilaké asem ferulat.<ref name="Salisbury"/> Asam kafeat mbentuk [[ester]] kanthi gugus alkohol ing asem liyané kang kadhapur ing lintasan asem sikimat, ya iku [[asem quinat]], lan ngasilaké [[asem klorogenat]].<ref name="Salisbury"/>

Gambar-gambar senyawa asem sinamat lan turunane 
<gallery>
File:cinnamicacid2.png|Asam sinamat
File:Coumaric acid acsv.svg|[[Asam p-kumarat]]
File:Caffeic acid.svg|[[Asam kafeat]]
File:Ferulic acid acsv.svg|[[Asam ferulat]]
File:Quinic acid flat.svg|[[Asam quinat]]
File:Chlorogenic-acid-2D.svg|[[Asam klorogenat]]
File:Protocatechusäure.svg|[[Asam protokatekuat]]
File:Gallic acid.svg|[[Asam galat]]
</gallery>

== Uga delengen ==
* [[Kumarin]]
* [[Lignin]]

== Cathetan suku ==
{{reflist}}

[[Kategori:Senyawa fenol]]
[[Kategori:Fenilpropanoid]]
[[Kategori:Asam organik]]
[[Kategori:Fisiologi tetuwuhan]]


{{biokimia-stub}}