Deleng sumberé Asem borat

[[Barkas:Boric-acid-2D.png|jmpl|Struktur kimiya asem borat]]
{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 476995365
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| Name = 
| ImageFile = 
| ImageFileL1 = Boric-acid-2D.png
| ImageNameL1 = Structural formula
| ImageFileR1 = Boric-acid-3D-vdW.png
| ImageNameR1 = Space-filling model
| ImageFile2 = Boric acid.jpg
| ImageName2 = Boric acid crystals
| IUPACName = Boric acid<br />Trihydroxidoboron<!-- This second IUPAC name has not been validated -->
| OtherNames = Orthoboric acid,<br/>Boracic acid,<br/>Sassolite,<br/>Optibor,<br/>Borofax,<br/>Trihydroxyborane,<br/>Boron(III) hydroxide,<br/>Boron Trihydroxide
| SystematicName = 
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 7346
| PubChem = 7628
| SMILES1 = [OH+]=[B-](O)O
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 42403
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/BH3O3/c2-1(3)4/h2-4H
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo = 10043-35-3
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 33118
| SMILES = OB(O)O
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = R57ZHV85D4
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D01089
| InChI=1/BH3O3/c2-1(3)4/h2-4H
| InChIKey = KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYAI
| EINECS = 233-139-2
  }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| H=3 | B=1 | O=3
| Appearance = White crystalline solid
| Density = 1.435 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| Solubility = 2.52 g/100 mL (0&nbsp;°C) <br> 4.72 g/100 mL (20&nbsp;°C) <br> 5.7 g/100 mL (25&nbsp;°C) <br> 19.10 g/100 mL (80&nbsp;°C) <br> 27.53 g/100 mL (100&nbsp;°C)
| SolubleOther = Soluble in lower [[alcohol]]s <br> moderately soluble in [[pyridine]] <br> very slightly soluble in [[acetone]]
| Solvent = other solvents
| MeltingPtC = 170.9
| BoilingPtC = 300
| ConjugateBase = [[Borate]]
| pKa = 9.24, 12.4, 13.3
| MagSus = -34.1·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol
| LogP = -0.29<ref name="chemsrc">{{Cite web|url=https://www.chemsrc.com/en/cas/10043-35-3_670326.html|title=boric_msds}}</ref>
  }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| MolShape = Trigonal planar
| Dipole = Zero
  }}
| Section4 = 
| Section5 = 
| Section6 = {{Chembox Pharmacology
| ATCCode_prefix = S02
| ATCCode_suffix = AA03
| ATC_Supplemental = {{ATC|D08|AD}}
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS08}}
| NFPA-H = 1
| NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-R = 0
| FlashPt = Non-flammable
| LD50 = 2660 mg/kg, oral (rat)
  }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherCompounds = [[Boron trioxide]]<br/>[[Borax]]}}
}}
'''Asem borat''', uga diarani '''hidrogén borat''', '''asem boracat''', lan '''asem ortoborat''' minangka [[Boron|asem boron]] monopolitik Lewis sing lemah. Nanging, sawetara prilaku marang sawetara reaksi kimia sing nuduhaké pangertené  asem trasat saka Brønsted. Asem borat asring digunakaké minangka [[Antisèptik|antiseptik]] sing entheng<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sehatq.com/obat/boric-acid|title=Boric Acid {{!}} Fungsi, Cara Pemakaian, Dosis, Efek Samping|website=SehatQ|language=id|access-date=2021-04-21|archive-date=2021-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418152927/https://www.sehatq.com/obat/boric-acid|url-status=dead}}</ref>, [[Insèktisida|insektisida]], panahan [[geni]], penyerap [[Néutron|neutron]], utawa prekursor kanggo senyawa kimia liyané. Iki nduwèni [[Rumus kimia|formula kimia]] [[Hidrogen|H]] <sub>3</sub> [[Boron|B]] [[Oksigèn|O]] <sub>3</sub> (kadhang ditulis B (OH) <sub>3</sub> ), lan ana ing bentuk kristal tanpa warna utawa bubuk putih sing larut ing [[banyu]].

. Nalika kedadéyan minangka [[mineral]], diarani ''sassolite''.

== Kadadéyan asem borat ==
Asem borat, utawa ''sassolite'', biasané ditemokaké ing negara bebas ing sawetara tlatah vulkanik, kaya ta ing wilayah [[Toscana|Tuscany]], Pulo Lipari, lan negara bagian [[Nevada]] Amérika Serikat. Zat iki uga ditemokaké minangka konstituen saka akèh mineral alami. Asem borat lan uyah ditemokaké ing banyu laut. Uga ditemokaké ing tanduran, kalebu mèh kabèh woh-wohan. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Allen|first=A. H.|last2=Tankard|first2=A. R.|year=1904|title=The Determination of Boric Acid in Cider, Fruits, etc|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1429686|journal=[[Analyst (journal)|Analyst]]|volume=29|issue=October|pages=301–304|bibcode=1904Ana....29..301A|doi=10.1039/an9042900301}}</ref>
[[Barkas:Boric_acid.jpg|jmpl|Asem borat ing piring ing wujud kristal]]
Asem borat pisanan disiapaké dening Wilhelm Homberg (1652-1715) saka boraks, kanthi tumindak asem mineral, lan diwenehi jeneng ''{{Lang|la|sal sedativum Hombergi}}'' ("uyah sedatif Homberg"). Kanekadéné borat, kalebu asem borat, wis digunakaké wiwit [[Yunani kuna|jaman Yunani kuno]] kanggo ngresiki, pangawèt panganan, lan kegiyatan liyané. <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B3qXQswP8zIC|title=Eisler's Encyclopedia of Environmentally Hazardous Priority Chemicals|last=Ronald Eisler|publisher=Elsevier|year=2007|isbn=9780080547077|page=59}}</ref>

== Guna asem borat ==

=== Indhustri ===
Asem borat duwè peran ing panggunaan industri yaiku ngasilaké gelas fiber monofilamen sing biasané diarani ''fiberglass'' tekstil. ''Fiberglass'' tekstil digunakaké kanggo nguataké plastik ing panggunanaan wiwitan saka prau, nganti industri ing papan sirkuit [[komputer]]. <ref>{{Cite book|title=Industrial Minerals and Rocks|last=Kistler|first=R. B.|last2=Helvaci|first2=C.|publisher=SME|year=1994|editor-last=Carr|editor-first=D. D.|edition=6th|location=Littleton, CO|pages=171–186|chapter=Boron and Borates}}</ref> Asem borat, dicampur karo [[Boraks|borax]] ([[Boraks|''natrium tetraborate decahydrate'']]) kanthi rasio bobot 4: 5, larut ing banyu, sanajan ora larut kanthi kapisah.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tsuyumoto|first=I.|last2=Oshio|first2=T.|last3=Katayama|first3=K.|year=2007|title=Preparation of highly concentrated aqueous solution of sodium borate|journal=Inorganic Chemistry Communications|volume=10|issue=1|pages=20–22|doi=10.1016/j.inoche.2006.08.019}}</ref> Solusi kasebut digunakaké minangka agén kayu tahan geni kanthi impregnasi. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Tsuyumoto|first=I.|last2=Oshio|first2=T.|year=2009|title=Development of fire resistant laminated wood using concentrated sodium polyborate aqueous solution|journal=Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology|volume=29|issue=4|pages=277–285|doi=10.1080/02773810903033721}}</ref>

=== Médhis ===
Asem borat bisa digunakaké minangka [[Antisèptik|antiseptik]] kanggo pambakaran utawa pangethokan cilik lan kadhang kala digunakaké ing salinitas, kayata serat borat. Asem borat ditrapaké ing larutan sing wis larut banget kanggo ngresiki mripat. Asem borat encer bisa digunakaké minangka pangresik vagina kanggo ngobati vaginosis bakteri amarga alkalinitas sing gedhé, <ref>{{Cite book|title=Integrative Women's Health|last=Abercrombie|first=P.|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0-19-537881-8|editor-last=Maizes|editor-first=V.|location=New York, NY|page=192|chapter=Vaginitis|editor-last2=Low Dog|editor-first2=T.}}</ref> uga kandidiasis amarga infeksi candida. <ref>{{Cite journal|date=August 2011|title=Boric acid for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: the clinical evidence|journal=J Womens Health (Larchmt)|volume=20|issue=8|pages=1245–55|doi=10.1089/jwh.2010.2708|pmid=21774671}}</ref> Minangka [[Antibiotik|senyawa antibakteri]], asem borat uga bisa digunakaké minangka parawatan [[Kukul|kukul.]] Iki uga digunakaké kanggo nyegah lelara sikil atlet, kanthi masang bubuk ing stoking sikil utawa kaose sikil. Manéka warna persiapan bisa digunakaké kanggo nambani sawetara jinis infeksi kuping ing manungsa uga kéwan.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Adriztina|first=I.|last2=Adenin|first2=L. I.|last3=Lubis|first3=Y. M.|date=January 2018|title=Efficacy of Boric Acid as a Treatment of Choice for Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media and Its Ototoxicity|journal=Korean J Fam Med|volume=39|issue=1|pages=2–9|doi=10.4082/kjfm.2018.39.1.2|pmc=5788841|pmid=29383205}}</ref> Pengawèt ing botol sampel [[Uyuh|urin]] ing Inggris yaiku asem borat. Larutan asem borat sing digunakaké kanggo ngumbah [[Mata|mripat]] utawa ing kulit ngglodhoki rada toksik, utamané kanggo [[bayi]], utamané sawise diulang; iki amarga tingkat pangresikan sing alon.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Goodman & Gillman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics|title-link=Goodman & Gillman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics|last=Harvey|first=S. C.|year=1980|isbn=978-0-02-344720-4|editor-last=Gilman|editor-first=A. G.|editor-link=Alfred G. Gilman|edition=6th|page=[https://archive.org/details/goodmangilmansphe6good/page/971 971]|chapter=Antiseptics and Disinfectants; Fungicides; Ectoparasiticides|editor-last2=Goodman|editor-first2=L. S.|editor-link2=Louis S. Goodman|editor-last3=Gilman|editor-first3=A.|editor-link3=Alfred Gilman, Sr.}}</ref>

=== Inséktisidha ===
Asem borat pisanan didaftar ing Amérika Serikat minangka insektisida ing taun 1948 kanggo mbasmi coro, [[rayap]], semut geni, kutu, gegat pérak, lan [[Kéwan gegremetan|kemangga]] liyané. Produk kasebut umumé dianggep aman kanggo digunakaké ing pawon omah kanggo ngontrol coro, lan semut. Iki tumindak minangka racun weteng sing mengaruhi [[Métabolisme|metabolisme]] kemangga, lan bubuk garing ora aman kanggo [[eksoskeleton]] kemangga. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.americanborate.com/all-about-borates/borate-applications/borates-in-pesticides/|title=Borates in Pesticides &#124; AMERICAN BORATE COMPANY}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://npic.orst.edu/factsheets/boricgen.html|title=Boric Acid General Fact Sheet}}</ref> <ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20080406065032/http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/factsheets/0024fact.pdf</ref>

=== Palumas ===
Suspensi koloid nanopartikel asem borat sing dibubaraké ing lenga bumi utawa lenga nabati bisa ngasilaké pelumas sing apik ing permukaan keramik utawa logam <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Düzcükoğlu|first=H.|last2=Acaroğlu|first2=M.|year=2009|title=Lubrication Properties of Vegetable Oils Combined with Boric Acid and Determination of Their Effects on Wear|journal=Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects|volume=32|issue=3|pages=275–285|doi=10.1080/15567030802606053}}</ref> kanthi koefisien pageseran sing mudhun kanthi tekanan nambah nganti regané antara 0,10 nganti 0,02. Film H <sub>3</sub> BO <sub>3</sub> pelumas mandhiri asil saka reaksi kimia spontan ing antarané molekul banyu lan lapisan B <sub><small>2</small></sub> O <sub>3</sub> ing lingkungan sing lembab. Ing skala akèh, hubungan kuwalik ana ing antarané koefisien gesekan lan tekanan kontak Hertzian sing diinduksi dening beban sing ditrapaké. Asem borat digunakaké kanggo palumas ing papan karom lan novuss, supaya bisa muter luwih cepet.<ref name="Powder">{{Cite web|url=http://pscamohali.googlepages.com/standardequipments|title=Standard equipments|last=Singh|first=Harpreet|publisher=Punjab State Carrom Association|access-date=2009-09-24|archive-date=2007-03-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314085602/http://pscamohali.googlepages.com/standardequipments|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Tani ===
Asem borat digunakaké kanggo ngobati utawa nyegah kekurangan boron ing tanduran. Iki uga digunakaké kanggo ngawetaké pari-parian kayata [[Pantun|pari]] lan [[gandum]]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cfs.gov.hk/english/programme/programme_rafs/programme_rafs_fa_02_06.html|title=Use of Boric Acid and Borax in Food|website=www.cfs.gov.hk|access-date=2019-05-22}}</ref>

= Paripustaka =

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