Deleng sumberé Lima

{{Infobox settlement|name=Lima|population_density_km2=|area_footnotes=|area_total_km2=2672.3|area_land_km2=|area_water_km2=|area_urban_km2=800|area_metro_km2=2819.3|elevation_footnotes=<ref name="Peru Altitude: Elevation of Different Peru Cities">{{cite web|url=http://www.machupicchu-inca.com/peru-altitude.html|title=Peru Altitude|accessdate=28 July 2014|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029193551/http://www.machupicchu-inca.com/peru-altitude.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>|elevation_m=0–1550|elevation_ft=0–5090|population_footnotes=<ref name="INEI: Lima tiene 9 millones 752 mil habitantes">{{cite web|url=http://www.larepublica.pe/17-01-2015/inei-lima-tiene-9-millones-752-mil-habitantes|title=INEI: Lima cuenta con 9 millones 752 mil habitantes|website=larepublica.pe|publisher=La República|date=17 January 2020|language=es|accessdate=1 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325203739/http://larepublica.pe/17-01-2020/inei-lima-tiene-9-millones-752-mil-habitantes|archive-date=25 March 2020|url-status=dead}}</ref>|population_as_of=2020|population_urban=8,838,102|leader_name1=Jorge Muñoz Wells|population_density_urban_km2=auto|population_metro=10,072,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/urbanization/the_worlds_cities_in_2016_data_booklet.pdf|publisher=United Nations|title=The World's Cities in 2016|accessdate=1 April 2019}}</ref>|population_density_metro_km2=|population_demonyms=Limeño|timezone=[[Time in Peru|PET]]|utc_offset=−5|postal_code_type=[[UBIGEO]]|postal_code=15000|area_code_type=[[Telephone numbering plan|Area code]]|area_code=1|footnotes={{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
  |child=yes
  |ID=500
  |Year=1988
  |Criteria=Cultural: iv
  }}|total_type=City|leader_title1=[[List of mayors of Lima|Mayor]]|official_name=Lima|map_caption=Location within Lima Province|native_name=|settlement_type=[[Capital city]]|image_skyline={{multiple image
| border                   = infobox
| total_width              = 300
| image_style              = border:1;
| perrow                   = 1/2/2/1
| image1                   =
| image2                   = Basílica Catedral Metropolitana de Lima.jpg
| image3                   = Lima, Peru - Parque de la Reserva (Park of the Reserve) 05.jpg
| image4                   = Fountain - Plaza Mayor (Lima).jpg
| image5                   = Faro La Marina, Miraflores (6905145089).jpg
| image6                   = Miraflores Skyline (Lima, Peru).png
}}|image_caption='''Top to bottom, left to right:'''<br>{{small|Skyline of the [[San Isidro District, Lima|San Isidro District]], [[Cathedral Basilica of St. John the Apostle and Evangelist, Lima|Cathedral of Lima]], [[Park of the Reserve]], [[Plaza Mayor, Lima|Plaza Mayor of Lima]], [[La Marina Lighthouse]], Costa Verde ([[Miraflores District, Lima|Miraflores District]])}}|image_flag=Flag_of_Lima.svg|flag_size=|seal_size=|seal_link=|image_shield=Coat of arms of Lima.svg|nickname=''Ciudad de los Reyes'' (City of the Kings) <br /> ''La Tres Veces Coronada Villa'' (The Three Times Crowned Ville) <br /> ''La Perla del Pacífico'' (The Pearl of the Pacific)|image_map={{PH wikidata|image_map}}|pushpin_map=#Peru#South America|founder=[[Francisco Pizarro]]|pushpin_relief=1|pushpin_label_position=left|pushpin_map_caption=Location within Peru|coordinates={{coord|12|03|S|77|02|W|type:city_region:PE-LMA|display=it}}|subdivision_type=Country|subdivision_name=[[Peru]]|subdivision_type1=[[Regions of Peru|Region]]|subdivision_name1=[[Department of Lima|Lima]]|subdivision_type2=[[Provinces of Peru|Province]]|subdivision_name2=[[Lima Province|Lima]]|established_title=Established|established_date=January 18, 1535|website={{url|munlima.gob.pe/}}}}
[[Barkas:Situationsplan_von_Lima.jpg|jmpl|250x250px|Historic map (1888).]]
'''Lima''' ( {{IPAc-en|ˈ|l|iː|m|ə}} {{Respell|LEE|mə}} ; {{IPA-es|ˈlima}} ) minangka ibukutha lan kutha paling gedhe ing [[Peru]] . Dununge ana ing lembah kali [[Kali Chillón|Chillón]], [[Kali Rímac|Rímac]] lan [[Kali Lurín|Lurín]], ing sisih pesisir tengah negara kasebut, sing nyawang Samodra Pasifik. Bebarengan karo pelabuhan [[Callao]], wilayah kasebut dadi wilayah kutha sing cedhak sing diarani [[Wilayah Metropolitan Lima|Area Metropolitan Lima]] . Kanthi pedunung meh 9 yuta, <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.inei.gob.pe/prensa/noticias/lima-alberga-9-millones-320-mil-habitantes-al-2018-10521/|title=Lima alberga 9 millones 320 mil habitantes al 2018|website=inei.gob.pe|publisher=INEI|language=es|access-date=23 August 2018|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804111911/http://m.inei.gob.pe/prensa/noticias/lima-alberga-9-millones-320-mil-habitantes-al-2018-10521/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lima minangka kutha [[Kutha paling gedhe ing Amérika|nomer telu paling gedhe]] ing [[Buwana Amérikah|Amerika]], sawise [[São Paulo]] lan [[Kutha Mèksiko|Mexico City]] . Lima dijenengi dening pribumi ing wilayah pertanian sing dingerteni dening warga asli Peru minangka Limaq. Kutha iki dadi ibukutha lan kutha paling penting ing [[Wakil Wakil saka Peru|Viceroyalty of Peru]] . Sawise [[Perang Kamardikan Peru]], dadi ibukutha Republik Peru (República del Perú). Udakara sepertiga populasi nasional urip ing wilayah [[Wilayah Metropolitan Lima|metropolitan]] .

== Etimologi ==
Lima minangka salah sawijining institusi pendhidhikan paling tuwa ing Donya Anyar . Universitas Nasional San Marcos, didegake tanggal 12 Mei 1551, sajrone Viceroyalty of Peru, minangka universitas pertama sing didegaké kanthi resmi lan paling tuwa ing Amerika sing isih aktif.Miturut artikel Spanyol wiwitan, wilayah Lima ''biyen'' diarani ''Itchyma'' ,  sawise pedunung asli. Nanging, malah sadurunge pendhudhukan [[Krajan Inka|Inca]] ing wilayah kasebut ing abad kaping 15, oracle misuwur ing lembah Rímac wis dikenal dening pengunjung minangka ''Limaq'' ( '''Limaq''', '''ujare''' [ˈLi.mɑq], sing tegese "pamicara" utawa "pamicara" ing [[Quechua II|pantai Quechua]] sing dadi basa utama wilayah kasebut sadurunge tekane Spanyol). Oracle iki pungkasane dirusak dening wong Spanyol lan diganti karo greja, nanging jenenge tetep: babad nuduhake "Límac" ngganti "Ychma" minangka jeneng umum kanggo wilayah kasebut. <ref name="Limaq">{{Cite web|url=http://aymara.org/biblio/lima_etimologia.pdf|title=Limaq|language=es|access-date=10 October 2009}}</ref> Sarjana modern ngramal manawa tembung "Lima" asale saka pangucapan Spanyol saka jeneng asli Limaq. Bukti linguistik kayane ndhukung teori iki amarga Spanyol sing ngomong terus-terusan nolak [[Mungkasi konsonan|konsonan mandheg]] ing posisi pungkasan tembung. Panutur Spanyol non-Peru bisa uga ora sengaja netepake jeneng kutha minangka terjemahan langsung " [[Jeruk limau|lime]] " saka Spanyol, yaiku woh jeruk.

== Simbol ==
Miturut sejarah, [[Gendéra Lima|Bendera Lima]] wis dikenal kanthi jeneng "Spanduk Kutha Raja-raja Peru". <ref name="flag">{{Cite web|url=http://heralatin.t35.com/peru/lima.html|title=Ciudad de Lima|editor-last=Heralatin.t35.com|language=Spanish|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810152715/http://heralatin.t35.com/peru/lima.html|archive-date=10 August 2011|access-date=11 February 2015}}</ref> Gawe saka kanvas sutra kanthi warna emas lan bordir ing tengah yaiku jas tangan. <ref name="flag" /> Lagu  Lima kaping pisanan dirungokake tanggal 18 Januari 2008, ing rapat resmi karo politisi penting, kalebu [[Dhaptar Presiden Peru|Presiden Peru]] [[Alan García]], lan pejabat liyane. Lagu lagune digawe dening Luis Enrique Tord (lirik), Euding Maeshiro (musik) lan produser rekaman Ricardo Núñez (arranger). <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://peru21.pe/noticia/75506/lima-tiene-dos-himnos-que-nadie-ha-escuchado|title=Lima tiene dos himnos que nadie ha escuchado|year=2008|editor-last=Perú.21|access-date=11 February 2015|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002207/http://peru21.pe/noticia/75506/lima-tiene-dos-himnos-que-nadie-ha-escuchado|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Rujukan ==