Deleng sumberé Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot

{{Infobox engineer
|image                |caption              = Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot
|name                 = Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot
|nationality          = [[Prancis]]
|birth_date           = 26 February 1725
|birth_place          = [[Void-Vacon]], [[Lorraine (provinsi)|Lorraine]]
|death_date           = 2 Oktober 1804
|death_place          =
|education            =
|spouse               =
|parents              =
|children             =
|discipline           =
|institutions         =
|practice_name        =
|significant_projects = ''fardier à vapeur''
|significant_design   =
|significant_advance  =
|significant_awards   =
}}
'''Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot''' (26 Fèbruari 1725 – 2 Oktober 1804) iku penemu saka [[Prancis]]. Dhèwèké diprecaya minangka sing yasa kendharaan mekanik sing muter dhéwé (''self-propelled''). Kaim mau isih dadi pasulayan miturut sawatara sumber, nanging sanadyan mangkono, sing mratélakaké yèn  [[Ferdinand Verbiest]], anggota saka Misi Jesuit ing nagara [[Cina]], minangka wong sepisanan sing nggawé 'montor' watara taun 1672.<ref>{{cite web
|title=1679-1681 – R P Verbiest's Steam Chariot
|work =History of the Automobile: origin to 1900
|publisher=[[Hergé]]
|url=http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://users.skynet.be/tintinpassion/VOIRSAVOIR/Auto/Pages_auto/Auto_001.html&sa=X&oi=translate
|accessdate=2009-05-08
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
|author=Setright, L. J. K.
|title=Drive On!: A Social History of the Motor Car
|publisher=Granta Books
|year=2004
|isbn=1-86207-698-7
}}</ref>

== Latar wuri ==
Cugnot lair ing [[Void-Vacon]], [[Lorraine (province)|Lorraine]], (saiki ''{{Lang|fr|departement}}''  [[Meuse]]), Prancis. Dhèwèké sekolah ing babagan zeni militèr.  Cugnot biyasa nyambutgawé  ing babagan modhèl kendharaan sing nganggo tenaga [[mesin uwab]] kanggo militèr Prancis, dimaksudaké kanggo ngangkud mriem wiwit taun 1765.

[[Image:Nicholas-Cugnots-Dampfwagen.png|left|thumb|The original 1769 model.]]
[[Image:FardierdeCugnot20050111.jpg|right|thumb|Cugnot's 1771 ''fardier à vapeur'', as preserved at the [[Musée des Arts et Métiers]], Paris.]]
[[Image:Nicholas Cugnots Dampfwagen.jpg|right|thumb|Cut-away drawing]]
[[Image:Fardier a vapeur.gif|thumb|right|The first "automobile accident"?]]

== Rujukan ==
{{Reflist}}

* Max J. B. Rauck, ''Cugnot, 1769-1969: der Urahn unseres Autos fuhr vor 200 Jahren'', München: Münchener Zeitungsverlag, 196
* Bruno Jacomy, Annie-Claude Martin: ''Le Chariot à feu de M. Cugnot'', Paris, 1992, Nathan/Musée national des techniques, ISBN 2-09-204538-5.
* Louis Andre: ''Le Premier accident automobile de l'histoire'' , in La Revue du Musée des arts et métiers, 1993, Numéro 2, p 44-46

== Pranala njaba ==
{{Commons category|Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot|<br />Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot}}
{{Commons category|Cugnot vehicles}}
* The ''fardier'' exhibit at the [[Musée des Arts et Métiers|Musée National des Arts et Métiers]]:
** [http://cugnot.cnam.fr:8000/SEARCH/BASIS/collec/internet/objet/DDW?W%3DDESIG+PH+WORDS+%27Fardier%27+ORDER+BY+DESIG/Ascend%26M%3D5%26K%3D1%26R%3DY%26U%3D1 Catalogue entry, with specifications] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927065608/http://cugnot.cnam.fr:8000/SEARCH/BASIS/collec/internet/objet/DDW?W%3DDESIG+PH+WORDS+%27Fardier%27+ORDER+BY+DESIG%2FAscend%26M%3D5%26K%3D1%26R%3DY%26U%3D1 |date=2016-09-27 }} {{Language icon|fr}}
** [http://cugnot.cnam.fr:8000/SEARCH/BASIS/COLLEC/INTERNET/imagette/SDW?W%3DCLE_COL+%3D+%27O000000001%27%26M%3D1%26R%3DY Detail images of exhibit] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927070800/http://cugnot.cnam.fr:8000/SEARCH/BASIS/COLLEC/INTERNET/imagette/SDW?W%3DCLE_COL+%3D+%27O000000001%27%26M%3D1%26R%3DY |date=2016-09-27 }}
** [http://cugnot.cnam.fr:8000/BASIS/tldoc/INTERNET/cat/SDF?LIEN_INV=00106-0000- Additional reference sources] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051013094734/http://cugnot.cnam.fr:8000/BASIS/tldoc/INTERNET/cat/SDF?LIEN_INV=00106-0000- |date=2005-10-13 }} {{Language icon|fr}}
* [http://www.3wheelers.com/cugnot.html Cugnot on 3wheelers.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325030154/http://www.3wheelers.com/cugnot.html |date=2010-03-25 }}
* [http://www.3wheelers.com/dlvideos.html Link to downloadable video] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913194727/http://www.3wheelers.com/dlvideos.html |date=2016-09-13 }} at [[DB Museum]], showing a reconstruction of the  ''fardier'' in action (B&W)
* [http://www.tbauto.org/cars/cugnot.htm Replica at the Tampa Bay Automobile Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107155133/http://www.tbauto.org/cars/cugnot.htm |date=2011-11-07 }}
* [http://www.hybrid-vehicle.org/hybrid-vehicle-first-auto.html Hybrid-Vehicle.org: The Steamers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225155541/http://www.hybrid-vehicle.org/hybrid-vehicle-first-auto.html |date=2013-12-25 }}
* [http://www.ile-de-france.drire.gouv.fr/vehicules/homolo/cnrv/histoire.htm Le fardier de Cugnot] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061124191307/http://www.ile-de-france.drire.gouv.fr/vehicules/homolo/cnrv/histoire.htm |date=2006-11-24 }}: page in French about Cugnot and his invention, hosted at an [[Île-de-France (région)|Île-de-France]] regional government web site and credited to the [[Société des ingénieurs de l'automobile]] (Society of Automotive Engineers).
* [http://www.bookrags.com/biography/nicholas-joseph-cugnot-woi/ Biography of Cugnot from 'World of Invention']

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cugnot, Nicolas-Joseph}}
[[Kategori:Lair 1725]]
[[Kategori:Pati 1804]]