Républik
Saka Wikipédia Jawa, bauwarna bébas abasa Jawa
Républik iku nagara sing dipimpin déning presidhèn. Présidhèn iku wakil rakyat sing dipilih ora sing ngwarisi jabatan saka wong tuwané.
Tembung républik iku dijupuk saka basa Latin: res publica (urusan umum).
Jinis-jinis Nagara Républik[besut | besut sumber]
- Républik Konstitusional - nagara kang Sirah nagara dipilih minangka wakil rakyat lan kudu ndhawuh nagara miturut konstitusi kang ana kang ngwatesi kadigdayan dedhawuh tumrap rakyaté. Jroning nagara Républik Konstitusional, eksekutif, legislatif lan yudikatif dipisahaké, saéngga ora ana kang nduwé kadigdayan mutlak.
- Républik Parlemèntèr - Kepala Nagara dipilih, nanging dipisahaké karo Sirah Padhawuhan.
- Républik Federal, konfederasi utawa federasi - nyawijining nagara-nagara (pérangan?) kanthi wangun padhawuhan Républik. Tuladhané: Austria, Brasil, Jerman, India, Amérika Sarékat, Rusia lan Swiss.
- Républik Islam - Nagara-nagara kaya Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran iku nagara Républik kang didhawuh miturut hukum Islam.
- Républik Arab - umpamane Suriah, jenengé nuduhaké jinis padhawuhan Pan Arab.
- Républik Rakyat - Nagara-nagara sugih RRC, Korea Lor dikarepaké didhawuh kanggo lan déning rakyat, nanging umumé ora nganggo pamilihan langsung.
- Républik Dhémokratik - Umumé dipigunakaké déning nagara kang kepéngin nandhesaké akonané tumrap dhémokrasi.
- Persemakmuran (Rzeczpospolita) - Basa Inggris lan Polandia kang watoné saka cara Latin res publica kang jarwané urusan umum.
Wacan Terusan[besut | besut sumber]
- De Republica Anglorum; the Manner of Government or Policie of the Realme of England, Sir Thomas Smyth, 1583. (England is described under Queen Elizabeth I as a republic, the term "mixed" does appear in it. Sir Thomas states that all commonwealths are of mixed character.)
- Jean Bodin, Six Books of the Commonwealth ("Six Livres de la République," 1576), Abridged and translated by M. J. Tooley, Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1955 (For Bodin, any state is a "république" if it has sovereignty).
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Du Contrat Social, ou Principes de Droit Politique (1762)
- Paul A. Rahe, Republics, Ancient and Modern, three volumes, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 1994.
- William R. Everdell (2000). "The End of Kings: A History of Republics and Republicans". University of Chicago Press.
- Martin van Gelderen & Quentin Skinner, eds., Republicanism: A Shared European Heritage, v1, Republicanism and Constitutionalism in Early Modern Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2002
- Martin van Gelderen & Quentin Skinner, eds., Republicanism: A Shared European Heritage, v2, The Values of Republicanism in Early Modern Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2002
- Philip Pettit, Republicanism: A Theory of Freedom and Government, NY: Oxford U.P., 1997, ISBN 0-19-829083-7; Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997.
- Frédéric Monera, L'idée de République et la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel - Paris: L.G.D.J., 2004 [1]-[2];