Rutherfordium: Béda antara owahan

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Larik 35: Larik 35:
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'''Rutherfordium''' ({{pronEng|ˌrʌðɚˈfɔrdiəm}}) iku sawijining [[unsur kimia]] jroning [[Tabel périodik]] kanthi simbul '''Rf''' lan [[nomer atom]] [[104]].
'''Rutherfordium''' ({{pronEng|ˌrʌðɚˈfɔrdiəm}}) iku [[unsur kimia]] jroning [[Tabel périodik]] kanthi simbul '''Rf''' lan [[nomer atom]] [[104]].
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Larik 198: Larik 198:
===<sup>248</sup>Cm(<sup>18</sup>O,xn)<sup>266-x</sup>Rf (x=3?,5)===
===<sup>248</sup>Cm(<sup>18</sup>O,xn)<sup>266-x</sup>Rf (x=3?,5)===
This reaction was first studied in 1970 by Albert Ghiorso at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). The team identified <sup>261</sup>Rf in the 5n channel using the method of correlation of genetic parent-daughter decays. A half-life of 65 s was determined.
This reaction was first studied in 1970 by Albert Ghiorso at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). The team identified <sup>261</sup>Rf in the 5n channel using the method of correlation of genetic parent-daughter decays. A half-life of 65 s was determined.
<ref name=70Gh01>[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TVN-473DDK8-15&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=f50dd21999d4152c92b105d7e4656634 "<sup>261</sup>Rf; new isotope of element 104"], '''Ghiorso et al.''', ''Phys. Lett. 32B'', 1970 , 2, Pages 95-98. Retrieved on [[2008-03-04]]</ref>
<ref name=70Gh01>[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6TVN-473DDK8-15&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=f50dd21999d4152c92b105d7e4656634 "<sup>261</sup>Rf; new isotope of element 104"], '''Ghiorso et al.''', ''Phys. Lett. 32B'', 1970, 2, Pages 95-98. Retrieved on [[2008-03-04]]</ref>
A repeat later that year using cation exchange chromatography indicated that the product did not form a +2 or +3 cation and behaved as eka-hafnium.
A repeat later that year using cation exchange chromatography indicated that the product did not form a +2 or +3 cation and behaved as eka-hafnium.
A study of the properties of rutherfordium isotopes was performed in 1981 at the LBNL. In a series of reactions, a 1.5 s SF activity was identified and assigned to a fermium descendant although later evidence indicates a possible assignment to <sup>262</sup>Rf.
A study of the properties of rutherfordium isotopes was performed in 1981 at the LBNL. In a series of reactions, a 1.5 s SF activity was identified and assigned to a fermium descendant although later evidence indicates a possible assignment to <sup>262</sup>Rf.
Larik 235: Larik 235:
| <sup>268</sup>Rf (manawa EC saka <sup>268</sup>Db)
| <sup>268</sup>Rf (manawa EC saka <sup>268</sup>Db)
|-
|-
| <sup>291</sup>116 , <sup>287</sup>114 , <sup>283</sup>112
| <sup>291</sup>116, <sup>287</sup>114, <sup>283</sup>112
| <sup>267</sup>Rf
| <sup>267</sup>Rf
|-
|-
Larik 250: Larik 250:
| <sup>262</sup>Rf (possibly <sup>262m</sup>Rf)
| <sup>262</sup>Rf (possibly <sup>262m</sup>Rf)
|-
|-
| <sup>277</sup>112 , <sup>273</sup>Ds , <sup>269</sup>Hs , <sup>265</sup>Sg
| <sup>277</sup>112, <sup>273</sup>Ds, <sup>269</sup>Hs, <sup>265</sup>Sg
| <sup>261m</sup>Rf , <sup>261</sup>Rf
| <sup>261m</sup>Rf, <sup>261</sup>Rf
|-
|-
| <sup>271</sup>Ds , <sup>267</sup>Hs , <sup>263</sup>Sg
| <sup>271</sup>Ds, <sup>267</sup>Hs, <sup>263</sup>Sg
| <sup>259</sup>Rf
| <sup>259</sup>Rf
|-
|-
| <sup>269</sup>Ds , <sup>265</sup>Hs , <sup>261</sup>Sg
| <sup>269</sup>Ds, <sup>265</sup>Hs, <sup>261</sup>Sg
| <sup>257</sup>Rf
| <sup>257</sup>Rf
|-
|-
| <sup>264</sup>Hs , <sup>260</sup>Sg
| <sup>264</sup>Hs, <sup>260</sup>Sg
| <sup>256</sup>Rf
| <sup>256</sup>Rf
|-
|-
Larik 399: Larik 399:
| <sup>208</sup>Pb
| <sup>208</sup>Pb
| <sup>258</sup>Rf
| <sup>258</sup>Rf
| '''38.0 nb , 17.0 MeV'''
| '''38.0 nb, 17.0 MeV'''
| '''12.3 nb , 21.5 MeV'''
| '''12.3 nb, 21.5 MeV'''
| '''660 pb , 29.0 MeV'''
| '''660 pb, 29.0 MeV'''
|-
|-
| <sup>50</sup>Ti
| <sup>50</sup>Ti
Larik 413: Larik 413:
| <sup>206</sup>Pb
| <sup>206</sup>Pb
| <sup>256</sup>Rf
| <sup>256</sup>Rf
| 800 pb , 21.5 MeV
| 800 pb, 21.5 MeV
| 2.4 nb , 21.5 MeV
| 2.4 nb, 21.5 MeV
|
|
|-
|-
Larik 420: Larik 420:
| <sup>204</sup>Pb
| <sup>204</sup>Pb
| <sup>254</sup>Rf
| <sup>254</sup>Rf
| 190 pb , 15.6 MeV
| 190 pb, 15.6 MeV
|
|
|
|
Larik 427: Larik 427:
| <sup>208</sup>Pb
| <sup>208</sup>Pb
| <sup>256</sup>Rf
| <sup>256</sup>Rf
| '''380 pb , 17.0 MeV'''
| '''380 pb, 17.0 MeV'''
|
|
|
|

Révisi kala 23 Maret 2016 02.03

104 lawrenciumrutherfordiumdubnium
Hf

Rf

(Upq)
Katrangan Umum Unsur
Jeneng, Lambang, Nomer atom rutherfordium, Rf, 104
Dhèrèt kimia logam transisi
Golongan, Période, Blok 4, 7, d
Massa atom [267] g/mol
Konfigurasi elektron [Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2
Cacahing èlèktron saben kulit 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 10, 2
Ciri-ciri fisik
Fase presumably a padhet
Massa jenis (watara suhu kamar) ora dimangertèni g/cm³
Ciri-ciri atom
Struktur kristal ora dimangertèni
Bilangan oksidasi 4
Energi ionisasi pertama: ora dimangertèni kJ/mol
Jari-jari atom (terhitung) ora dimangertèni pm
Jari-jari kovalen ora dimangertèni pm
Lain-lain
Nomor CAS 53850-36-5
Isotop
iso NA waktu paruh DM DE (MeV) DP
267Rf syn 1.3 h SF
263mRf syn ~15 m SF
α 7.90 ?
263gRf syn 8 s SF
262Rf syn 2.1 s SF
261mRf syn 1.1 m α 8.28 257No
261gRf syn 3.7 s 83% SF
17% α 8.52 257No
260Rf syn 20 ms SF
259Rf syn 3.1 s 93% α 8.87,8.77 255No
7% SF
258Rf syn 13 ms SF
257mRf syn 4.0 s α 9.02,8.97 253No
257gRf syn 3.5 s 89% α 8.90,8.78,8.52,8.28 253No
11% ε 257Lr
256Rf syn 6.2 ms 99.7% SF
0.3% α 8.79 252No
255Rf syn 1.8 s ~50% α 8.81,8.77,8.74,8.71 251No
~50% SF
254Rf syn 0.022 ms SF
253Rf syn 0.048 ms SF
Referensi

Rutherfordium (uniné /ˌrʌðɚˈfɔrdiəm/) iku unsur kimia jroning Tabel périodik kanthi simbul Rf lan nomer atom 104.

Sintesis isotop minangka produk turunan (decay)

Sisa/residu Evaporasi Isotop Rf kang katon
288115 268Rf (manawa EC saka 268Db)
291116, 287114, 283112 267Rf
282113 266Rf (EC of 266Db)
271Hs 263gRf
263Db 263mRf (EC of 263Db)
266Sg (possibly 266mSg) 262Rf (possibly 262mRf)
277112, 273Ds, 269Hs, 265Sg 261mRf, 261Rf
271Ds, 267Hs, 263Sg 259Rf
269Ds, 265Hs, 261Sg 257Rf
264Hs, 260Sg 256Rf
259Sg 255Rf

Kronologi temon isotop

Isotop Taun ditemokaké reaksi
253Rf 1994 204Pb(50Ti,n) [1]
254Rf 1994 206Pb(50Ti,2n) [1]
255Rf 1974? 1985 207Pb(50Ti,2n)
256Rf 1974? 1985 208Pb(50Ti,2n)
257Rfg,m 1969 249Cf(12C,4n) [2]
258Rf 1969 249Cf(13C,4n) [2]
259Rf 1969 249Cf(13C,3n) [2]
260Rf 1969 248Cm(16O,4n)
261Rfm 1970 248Cm(18O,5n) [3]
261Rfg 1996 208Pb(70Zn,n) [4]
262Rf 1996 244Pu(22Ne,4n) [5]
263Rfm 1990? 248Cm(18O,3n)
263Rfg 2004 248Cm(26Mg,3n) [6]
264Rf unknown
265Rf unknown
266Rf 2006? 237Np(48Ca,3n) [7]
267Rf 2003/2004 238U(48Ca,3n) [4]
268Rf 2003? 243Am(48Ca,3n) [8]

Kasil kimia saka isotop

Fusi adhem

Proyektil Target CN 1n 2n 3n
50Ti 208Pb 258Rf 38.0 nb, 17.0 MeV 12.3 nb, 21.5 MeV 660 pb, 29.0 MeV
50Ti 207Pb 257Rf 4.8 nb
50Ti 206Pb 256Rf 800 pb, 21.5 MeV 2.4 nb, 21.5 MeV
50Ti 204Pb 254Rf 190 pb, 15.6 MeV
48Ti 208Pb 256Rf 380 pb, 17.0 MeV

Fusi panas

Proyektil Target CN 3n 4n 5n
26Mg 238U 264Rf 240 pb 1.1 nb
22Ne 244Pu 266Rf + 4.0 nb
18O 248Cm 266Rf + 13.0 nb

Rujukan

  1. a b Masalah sitiran: Tenger <ref> ora trep; ora ana tèks tumrap refs kanthi jeneng 97He01
  2. a b c Masalah sitiran: Tenger <ref> ora trep; ora ana tèks tumrap refs kanthi jeneng 69Gh01
  3. Masalah sitiran: Tenger <ref> ora trep; ora ana tèks tumrap refs kanthi jeneng 70Gh01
  4. a b see ununbium
  5. Masalah sitiran: Tenger <ref> ora trep; ora ana tèks tumrap refs kanthi jeneng 96La01
  6. see hassium
  7. see ununtrium
  8. see ununpentium

Pranala njaba

Golongan → 1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Période ↓
1 1
H

2
He
2 3
Li
4
Be


5
B
6
C
7
N
8
O
9
F
10
Ne
3 11
Na
12
Mg


13
Al
14
Si
15
P
16
S
17
Cl
18
Ar
4 19
K
20
Ca

21
Sc
22
Ti
23
V
24
Cr
25
Mn
26
Fe
27
Co
28
Ni
29
Cu
30
Zn
31
Ga
32
Ge
33
As
34
Se
35
Br
36
Kr
5 37
Rb
38
Sr

39
Y
40
Zr
41
Nb
42
Mo
43
Tc
44
Ru
45
Rh
46
Pd
47
Ag
48
Cd
49
In
50
Sn
51
Sb
52
Te
53
I
54
Xe
6 55
Cs
56
Ba
*
71
Lu
72
Hf
73
Ta
74
W
75
Re
76
Os
77
Ir
78
Pt
79
Au
80
Hg
81
Tl
82
Pb
83
Bi
84
Po
85
At
86
Rn
7 87
 Fr 
88
Ra
**
103
Lr
104
Rf
105
Db
106
Sg
107
Bh
108
Hs
109
Mt
110
Ds
111
Rg
112
Cn
113
Nh
114
Fl
115
Mc
116
Lv
117
Ts
118
Og

* Lantanida 57
La
58
Ce
59
Pr
60
Nd
61
Pm
62
Sm
63
Eu
64
Gd
65
Tb
66
Dy
67
Ho
68
Er
69
Tm
70
Yb
** Aktinida 89
Ac
90
Th
91
Pa
92
U
93
Np
94
Pu
95
Am
96
Cm
97
Bk
98
Cf
99
Es
100
Fm
101
Md
102
No
Seri Kimia saka Tabel Périodik
Logam alkali Alkali tanah Lantanida Aktinida Logam transisi
Logam Metaloid Nonlogam Halogen Gas mulia