Pratélaning anasir kimiah: Béda antara owahan
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'''Dhaptar [[unsur kimia]]''' ing ngisor iki disusun adhedhasar [[nomer atom]] lan kodhe warna miturut tipe unsur. Saben unsur ditampilaké informasi ngenani jeneng unsur, [[lambang unsur]], [[golongan]] lan [[Période tabèl périodik|période]], [[massa atom]] (utawa [[isotop]] kang paling stabil), [[massa |
'''Dhaptar [[unsur kimia]]''' ing ngisor iki disusun adhedhasar [[nomer atom]] lan kodhe warna miturut tipe unsur. Saben unsur ditampilaké informasi ngenani jeneng unsur, [[lambang unsur]], [[golongan]] lan [[Période tabèl périodik|période]], [[massa atom]] (utawa [[isotop]] kang paling stabil), [[massa jinis]], [[titik lebur]], [[titik umob]] lan penemuné. |
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{{element color legend}} |
{{element color legend}} |
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Larik 10: | Larik 10: | ||
!Periode,<br />Golongan |
!Periode,<br />Golongan |
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!Massa<br />([[gram|g]]/[[Mol]]) |
!Massa<br />([[gram|g]]/[[Mol]]) |
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!Massa |
!Massa jinis<br />(g/[[sentimeter kubik|cm³]])<br />pada 20°[[Celsius|C]] |
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!Titik<br />lebur <br />(°C) |
!Titik<br />lebur <br />(°C) |
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!Titik<br />umob <br />(°C) |
!Titik<br />umob <br />(°C) |
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Larik 262: | Larik 262: | ||
== Cathetan == |
== Cathetan == |
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*{{fnb|1}} Unsur iki ora nduwèni inti stabil. Nilai jroning tandha kurung kothak, upamané [209], nuduhaké nomor massa isotop kanthi wektu urip paling dawa unsur kasebut. Nanging ana telu unsur (Torium, Protaktinium, lan Uranium) kang nduwèni ciri-ciri "terrestrial isotopic composition", saéngga kang dituduhaké |
*{{fnb|1}} Unsur iki ora nduwèni inti stabil. Nilai jroning tandha kurung kothak, upamané [209], nuduhaké nomor massa isotop kanthi wektu urip paling dawa unsur kasebut. Nanging ana telu unsur (Torium, Protaktinium, lan Uranium) kang nduwèni ciri-ciri "terrestrial isotopic composition", saéngga kang dituduhaké yaiku massa atomé. |
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*{{fnb|2}} Komposisi isotopik unsur iki duwé variasi jroning sawetara spesimen geologis, lan variasiné mbokmanawa ngluwihi apa kang dituduhaké jroning tabel iki. |
*{{fnb|2}} Komposisi isotopik unsur iki duwé variasi jroning sawetara spesimen geologis, lan variasiné mbokmanawa ngluwihi apa kang dituduhaké jroning tabel iki. |
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*{{fnb|3}} Komposisi isotopik unsur iki bisa duwé variasi jroning materi komersial, kang bisa nyebabaké berat atom nyimpang sacara signifikan saka nilai kang dituduhaké jroning tabel iki. |
*{{fnb|3}} Komposisi isotopik unsur iki bisa duwé variasi jroning materi komersial, kang bisa nyebabaké berat atom nyimpang sacara signifikan saka nilai kang dituduhaké jroning tabel iki. |
Révisi kala 4 Maret 2016 04.21
Dhaptar unsur kimia ing ngisor iki disusun adhedhasar nomer atom lan kodhe warna miturut tipe unsur. Saben unsur ditampilaké informasi ngenani jeneng unsur, lambang unsur, golongan lan période, massa atom (utawa isotop kang paling stabil), massa jinis, titik lebur, titik umob lan penemuné.
Logam alkali | Alkali tanah | Lantanida | Aktinida | Logam transisi |
Logam | Metaloid | Nonlogam | Halogen | Gas mulia |
No. atom |
Jeneng | Lambang | Periode, Golongan |
Massa (g/Mol) |
Massa jinis (g/cm³) pada 20°C |
Titik lebur (°C) |
Titik umob (°C) |
Taun panemuan |
Penemu |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Hidrogen | H | 1; 1 | 1,00794(7)2 3 4 | 0,084 g/l | -259,1 | -252,9 | 1766 | Cavendish |
2 | Helium | He | 1; 18 | 4,002602(2)2 4 | 0,17 g/l | -272,2 | -268,9 | 1895 | Ramsay dan Cleve |
3 | Litium | Li | 2; 1 | 6,941(2)2 3 4 5 | 0,53 | 180,5 | 1317 | 1817 | Arfwedson |
4 | Berilium | Be | 2; 2 | 9,012182(3) | 1,85 | 1278 | 2970 | 1797 | Vauquelin |
5 | Boron | B | 2; 13 | 10,811(7)2 3 4 | 2,46 | 2300 | 2550 | 1808 | Davy dan Gay-Lussac |
6 | Karbon | C | 2; 14 | 12,0107(8)2 4 | 3,51 | 3550 | 4827 | prasejarah | ora dikawruhi |
7 | Nitrogen | N | 2; 15 | 14,0067(2)2 4 | 1,17 g/l | -209,9 | -195,8 | 1772 | Rutherford |
8 | Oksigen | O | 2; 16 | 15,9994(3)2 4 | 1,33 g/l | -218,4 | -182,9 | 1774 | Priestly lan Scheele |
9 | Fluor | F | 2; 17 | 18,9984032(5) | 1,58 g/l | -219,6 | -188,1 | 1886 | Moissan |
10 | Neon | Ne | 2; 18 | 20,1797(6)2 3 | 0,84 g/l | -248,7 | -246,1 | 1898 | Ramsay lan Travers |
11 | Natrium | Na | 3; 1 | 22,98976928(2) | 0,97 | 97,8 | 892 | 1807 | Davy |
12 | Magnesium | Mg | 3; 2 | 24,3050(6) | 1,74 | 648,8 | 1107 | 1755 | Black |
13 | Alumunium | Al | 3; 13 | 26,9815386(8) | 2,70 | 660,5 | 2467 | 1825 | Oersted |
14 | Silikon | Si | 3; 14 | 28,0855(3)4 | 2,33 | 1410 | 2355 | 1824 | Berzelius |
15 | Fosfor | P | 3; 15 | 30,973762(2) | 1,82 | 44 (P4) | 280 (P4) | 1669 | Brand |
16 | Belerang | S | 3; 16 | 32,065(5)2 4 | 2,06 | 113 | 444,7 | prasejarah | tak diketahui |
17 | Klor | Cl | 3; 17 | 35,453(2)2 3 4 | 2,95 g/l | -34,6 | -101 | 1774 | Scheele |
18 | Argon | Ar | 3; 18 | 39,948(1)2 4 | 1,66 g/l | -189,4 | -185,9 | 1894 | Ramsay lan Rayleigh |
19 | Kalium | K | 4; 1 | 39,0983(1) | 0,86 | 63,7 | 774 | 1807 | Davy |
20 | Kalsium | Ca | 4; 2 | 40,078(4)2 | 1,54 | 839 | 1487 | 1808 | Davy |
21 | Skandium | Sc | 4; 3 | 44,955912(6) | 2,99 | 1539 | 2832 | 1879 | Nilson |
22 | Titanium | Ti | 4; 4 | 47,867(1) | 4,51 | 1660 | 3260 | 1791 | Gregor dan Klaproth |
23 | Vanadium | V | 4; 5 | 50,9415(1) | 6,09 | 1890 | 3380 | 1801 | del Río |
24 | Krom | Cr | 4; 6 | 51,9961(6) | 7,14 | 1857 | 2482 | 1797 | Vauquelin |
25 | Mangan | Mn | 4; 7 | 54,938045(5) | 7,44 | 1244 | 2097 | 1774 | Gahn |
26 | Besi | Fe | 4; 8 | 55,845(2) | 7,87 | 1535 | 2750 | prasejarah | ora dikawruhi |
27 | Kobalt | Co | 4; 9 | 58,933195(5) | 8,89 | 1495 | 2870 | 1735 | Brandt |
28 | Nikel | Ni | 4; 10 | 58,6934(2) | 8,91 | 1453 | 2732 | 1751 | Cronstedt |
29 | Tembaga | Cu | 4; 11 | 63,546(3)4 | 8,92 | 1083,5 | 2595 | prasejarah | ora dikawruhi |
30 | Seng | Zn | 4; 12 | 65,409(4) | 7,14 | 419,6 | 907 | prasejarah | ora dikawruhi |
31 | Galium | Ga | 4; 13 | 69,723(1) | 5,91 | 29,8 | 2403 | 1875 | Lecoq de Boisbaudran |
32 | Germanium | Ge | 4; 14 | 72,64(1) | 5,32 | 937,4 | 2830 | 1886 | Winkler |
33 | Arsen | As | 4; 15 | 74,92160(2) | 5,72 | 613 | 613 (subl,) |
ca, 1250 | Albertus Magnus |
34 | Selenium | Se | 4; 16 | 78,96(3)4 | 4,82 | 217 | 685 | 1817 | Berzelius |
35 | Brom | Br | 4; 17 | 79,904(1) | 3,14 | -7,3 | 58,8 | 1826 | Balard |
36 | Kripton | Kr | 4; 18 | 83,798(2)2 3 | 3,48 g/l | -156,6 | -152,3 | 1898 | Ramsay lan Travers |
37 | Rubidium | Rb | 5; 1 | 85,4678(3)2 | 1,53 | 39 | 688 | 1861 | Bunsen lan Kirchhoff |
38 | Strontium | Sr | 5; 2 | 87,62(1)2 4 | 2,63 | 769 | 1384 | 1790 | Crawford |
39 | Itrium | Y | 5; 3 | 88,90585(2) | 4,47 | 1523 | 3337 | 1794 | Gadolin |
40 | Zirkonium | Zr | 5; 4 | 91,224(2)2 | 6,51 | 1852 | 4377 | 1789 | Klaproth |
41 | Niobium | Nb | 5; 5 | 92,906 38(2) | 8,58 | 2468 | 4927 | 1801 | Hatchett |
42 | Molibden | Mo | 5; 6 | 95,94(2)2 | 10,28 | 2617 | 5560 | 1778 | Scheele |
43 | Teknetium | Tc | 5; 7 | [98,9063]1 | 11,49 | 2172 | 5030 | 1937 | Perrier lan Segrè |
44 | Ruthenium | Ru | 5; 8 | 101,07(2)2 | 12,45 | 2310 | 3900 | 1844 | Klaus |
45 | Rodium | Rh | 5; 9 | 102,90550(2) | 12,41 | 1966 | 3727 | 1803 | Wollaston |
46 | Paladium | Pd | 5; 10 | 106,42(1)2 | 12,02 | 1552 | 3140 | 1803 | Wollaston |
47 | Perak | Ag | 5; 11 | 107,8682(2)2 | 10,49 | 961,9 | 2212 | prasejarah | ora dikawruhi |
48 | Kadmium | Cd | 5; 12 | 112,411(8)2 | 8,64 | 321 | 765 | 1817 | Strohmeyer lan Hermann |
49 | Indium | In | 5; 13 | 114,818(3) | 7,31 | 156,2 | 2080 | 1863 | Reich lan Richter |
50 | Timah | Sn | 5; 14 | 118,710(7)2 | 7,29 | 232 | 2270 | prasejarah | ora dikawruhi |
51 | Antimon | Sb | 5; 15 | 121,760(1)2 | 6,69 | 630,7 | 1750 | prasejarah | ora dikawruhi |
52 | Telurium | Te | 5; 16 | 127,60(3)2 | 6,25 | 449,6 | 990 | 1782 | von Reichenstein |
53 | Yodium | I | 5; 17 | 126,90447(3) | 4,94 | 113,5 | 184,4 | 1811 | Courtois |
54 | Xenon | Xe | 5; 18 | 131,293(6)2 3 | 4,49 g/l | -111,9 | -107 | 1898 | Ramsay lan Travers |
55 | Sesium | Cs | 6; 1 | 132,9054519(2) | 1,90 | 28,4 | 690 | 1860 | Kirchhoff lan Bunsen |
56 | Barium | Ba | 6; 2 | 137,327(7) | 3,65 | 725 | 1640 | 1808 | Davy |
57 | Lantanum | La | 6 | 138,90547(7)2 | 6,16 | 920 | 3454 | 1839 | Mosander |
58 | Serium | Ce | 6 | 140,116(1)2 | 6,77 | 798 | 3257 | 1803 | von Hisinger lan Berzelius |
59 | Praseodimium | Pr | 6 | 140,90765(2) | 6,48 | 931 | 3212 | 1895 | von Welsbach |
60 | Neodimium | Nd | 6 | 144,242(3)2 | 7,00 | 1010 | 3127 | 1895 | von Welsbach |
61 | Prometium | Pm | 6 | [146,9151]1 | 7,22 | 1080 | 2730 | 1945 | Marinsky dan Glendenin |
62 | Samarium | Sm | 6 | 150,36(2)2 | 7,54 | 1072 | 1778 | 1879 | Lecoq de Boisbaudran |
63 | Europium | Eu | 6 | 151,964(1)2 | 5,25 | 822 | 1597 | 1901 | Demarçay |
64 | Gadolinium | Gd | 6 | 157,25(3)2 | 7,89 | 1311 | 3233 | 1880 | de Marignac |
65 | Terbium | Tb | 6 | 158,92535(2) | 8,25 | 1360 | 3041 | 1843 | Mosander |
66 | Disprosium | Dy | 6 | 162,500(1)2 | 8,56 | 1409 | 2335 | 1886 | Lecoq de Boisbaudran |
67 | Holmium | Ho | 6 | 164,93032(2) | 8,78 | 1470 | 2720 | 1878 | Soret |
68 | Erbium | Er | 6 | 167,259(3)2 | 9,05 | 1522 | 2510 | 1842 | Mosander |
69 | Tulium | Tm | 6 | 168,93421(2) | 9,32 | 1545 | 1727 | 1879 | Cleve |
70 | Iterbium | Yb | 6 | 173,04(3)2 | 6,97 | 824 | 1193 | 1878 | de Marignac |
71 | Lutetium | Lu | 6; 3 | 174,967(1)2 | 9,84 | 1656 | 3315 | 1907 | Urbain |
72 | Hafnium | Hf | 6; 4 | 178,49(2) | 13,31 | 2150 | 5400 | 1923 | Coster dan de Hevesy |
73 | Tantalum | Ta | 6; 5 | 180,9479(1) | 16,68 | 2996 | 5425 | 1802 | Ekeberg |
74 | Tungsten | W | 6; 6 | 183,84(1) | 19,26 | 3407 | 5927 | 1783 | Elhuyar |
75 | Renium | Re | 6; 7 | 186,207(1) | 21,03 | 3180 | 5627 | 1925 | Noddack; Tacke lan Berg |
76 | Osmium | Os | 6; 8 | 190,23(3)2 | 22,61 | 3045 | 5027 | 1803 | Tennant |
77 | Iridium | Ir | 6; 9 | 192,217(3) | 22,65 | 2410 | 4130 | 1803 | Tennant |
78 | Platina | Pt | 6; 10 | 195,084(9) | 21,45 | 1772 | 3827 | 1557 | Scaliger |
79 | Emas | Au | 6; 11 | 196,966569(4) | 19,32 | 1064,4 | 2940 | prasejarah | ora dikawruhi |
80 | Raksa | Hg | 6; 12 | 200,59(2) | 13,55 | -38,9 | 356,6 | prasejarah | tak diketahui |
81 | Talium | Tl | 6; 13 | 204,3833(2) | 11,85 | 303,6 | 1457 | 1861 | Crookes |
82 | Timbal | Pb | 6; 14 | 207,2(1)2 4 | 11,34 | 327,5 | 1740 | prasejarah | ora dikawruhi |
83 | Bismut | Bi | 6; 15 | 208,98040(1) | 9,80 | 271,4 | 1560 | 1540 | Geoffroy |
84 | Polonium | Po | 6; 16 | [208,9824]1 | 9,20 | 254 | 962 | 1898 | Marie and Pierre Curie |
85 | Astatin | At | 6; 17 | [209,9871]1 | 302 | 337 | 1940 | Corson dan MacKenzie | |
86 | Radon | Rn | 6; 18 | [222,0176]1 | 9,23 g/l | -71 | -61,8 | 1900 | Dorn |
87 | Fransium | Fr | 7; 1 | [223,0197]1 | 27 | 677 | 1939 | Perey | |
88 | Radium | Ra | 7; 2 | [226,0254]1 | 5,50 | 700 | 1140 | 1898 | Marie dan Pierre Curie |
89 | Aktinium | Ac | 7 | [227,0278]1 | 10,07 | 1047 | 3197 | 1899 | Debierne |
90 | Torium | Th | 7 | 232,03806(2)1 2 | 11,72 | 1750 | 4787 | 1829 | Berzelius |
91 | Protaktinium | Pa | 7 | 231,03588(2)1 | 15,37 | 1554 | 4030 | 1917 | Soddy; Cranston lan Hahn |
92 | Uranium | U | 7 | 238,02891(3)1 2 3 | 18,97 | 1132,4 | 3818 | 1789 | Klaproth |
93 | Neptunium | Np | 7 | [237,0482]1 | 20,48 | 640 | 3902 | 1940 | McMillan dan Abelson |
94 | Plutonium | Pu | 7 | [244,0642]1 | 19,74 | 641 | 3327 | 1940 | Seaborg |
95 | Amerisium | Am | 7 | [243,0614]1 | 13,67 | 994 | 2607 | 1944 | Seaborg |
96 | Curium | Cm | 7 | [247,0703]1 | 13,51 | 1340 | 1944 | Seaborg | |
97 | Berkelium | Bk | 7 | [247,0703]1 | 13,25 | 986 | 1949 | Seaborg | |
98 | Kalifornium | Cf | 7 | [251,0796]1 | 15,1 | 900 | 1950 | Seaborg | |
99 | Einsteinium | Es | 7 | [252,0829]1 | 860 | 1952 | Seaborg | ||
100 | Fermium | Fm | 7 | [257,0951]1 | 1952 | Seaborg | |||
101 | Mendelevium | Md | 7 | [258,0986]1 | 1955 | Seaborg | |||
102 | Nobelium | No | 7 | [259,1009]1 | 1958 | Seaborg | |||
103 | Lawrensium | Lr | 7; 3 | [260,1053]1 | 1961 | Ghiorso | |||
104 | Rutherfordium | Rf | 7; 4 | [261,1087]1 | 1964/69 | Flerov | |||
105 | Dubnium | Db | 7; 5 | [262,1138]1 | 1967/70 | Flerov | |||
106 | Seaborgium | Sg | 7; 6 | [263,1182]1 | 1974 | Flerov | |||
107 | Bohrium | Bh | 7; 7 | [262,1229]1 | 1976 | Oganessian | |||
108 | Hassium | Hs | 7; 8 | [265]1 | 1984 | GSI (*) | |||
109 | Meitnerium | Mt | 7; 9 | [266]1 | 1982 | GSI | |||
110 | Darmstadtium | Ds | 7; 10 | [269]1 | 1994 | GSI | |||
111 | Roentgenium | Rg | 7; 11 | [272]1 | 1994 | GSI | |||
112 | Ununbium | Uub | 7; 12 | [285]1 | 1996 | GSI | |||
113 | Ununtrium | Uut | 7; 13 | [284]1 | 2004 | JINR (*); LLNL (*) | |||
114 | Ununquadium | Uuq | 7; 14 | [289]1 | 1999 | JINR | |||
115 | Ununpentium | Uup | 7; 15 | [288]1 | 2004 | JINR; LLNL | |||
116 | Ununhexium | Uuh | 7; 16 | [292]1 | 1999 | LBNL (*) | |||
117 | Ununseptium | Uus | 7; 17 | 1 | ora ditemokaké | ||||
118 | Ununoctium | Uuo | 7; 18 | 1 | ora ditemokaké |
Logam alkali | Alkali tanah | Lantanida | Aktinida | Logam transisi |
Logam | Metaloid | Nonlogam | Halogen | Gas mulia |
Akronim
- GSI, Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (Masyarakat Penelitian Ion Berat), Wixhausen, Darmstadt, Jerman
- JINR, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Объединённый институт ядерных исследований), Dubna, Oblast Moskwa, Rusia
- LLNL, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, Kalifornia, AS
- LBNL, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, Kalifornia, AS
Cathetan
- Cathetan 1: Unsur iki ora nduwèni inti stabil. Nilai jroning tandha kurung kothak, upamané [209], nuduhaké nomor massa isotop kanthi wektu urip paling dawa unsur kasebut. Nanging ana telu unsur (Torium, Protaktinium, lan Uranium) kang nduwèni ciri-ciri "terrestrial isotopic composition", saéngga kang dituduhaké yaiku massa atomé.
- Cathetan 2: Komposisi isotopik unsur iki duwé variasi jroning sawetara spesimen geologis, lan variasiné mbokmanawa ngluwihi apa kang dituduhaké jroning tabel iki.
- Cathetan 3: Komposisi isotopik unsur iki bisa duwé variasi jroning materi komersial, kang bisa nyebabaké berat atom nyimpang sacara signifikan saka nilai kang dituduhaké jroning tabel iki.
- Cathetan 4: Komposisi isotopik duwé variasi ing materi terrestrial, saéngga berat atom kang luwih persis ora bisa diwènèhaké.
- Cathetan 5: Berat atom Litium komersial bisa duwé variasi antara 6,939 lan 6,996—analisis materi sacara spesifik diperlakaké kanggo nemokaké nilai kang luwih akurat.
Referensi
- Atomic Weights of the Elements 2001, Pure Appl. Chem. 75(8), 1107-1122, 2003. Diakses 30 Juni 2005. Berat atom dengan nomor atom 1-109 diambil dari sumber ini.
- IUPAC Standard Atomic Weights Revised (2005).
- WebElements Periodic Table. Diakses 30 Juni 2005. Berat atom dengan nomor atom 110-116 diambil dari sumber ini.
Golongan → | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | ||
Période ↓ | ||||||||||||||||||||
1 | 1 H |
2 He |
||||||||||||||||||
2 | 3 Li |
4 Be |
5 B |
6 C |
7 N |
8 O |
9 F |
10 Ne |
||||||||||||
3 | 11 Na |
12 Mg |
13 Al |
14 Si |
15 P |
16 S |
17 Cl |
18 Ar |
||||||||||||
4 | 19 K |
20 Ca |
21 Sc |
22 Ti |
23 V |
24 Cr |
25 Mn |
26 Fe |
27 Co |
28 Ni |
29 Cu |
30 Zn |
31 Ga |
32 Ge |
33 As |
34 Se |
35 Br |
36 Kr |
||
5 | 37 Rb |
38 Sr |
39 Y |
40 Zr |
41 Nb |
42 Mo |
43 Tc |
44 Ru |
45 Rh |
46 Pd |
47 Ag |
48 Cd |
49 In |
50 Sn |
51 Sb |
52 Te |
53 I |
54 Xe |
||
6 | 55 Cs |
56 Ba |
* |
71 Lu |
72 Hf |
73 Ta |
74 W |
75 Re |
76 Os |
77 Ir |
78 Pt |
79 Au |
80 Hg |
81 Tl |
82 Pb |
83 Bi |
84 Po |
85 At |
86 Rn |
|
7 | 87 Fr |
88 Ra |
** |
103 Lr |
104 Rf |
105 Db |
106 Sg |
107 Bh |
108 Hs |
109 Mt |
110 Ds |
111 Rg |
112 Cn |
113 Nh |
114 Fl |
115 Mc |
116 Lv |
117 Ts |
118 Og |
|
* Lantanida | 57 La |
58 Ce |
59 Pr |
60 Nd |
61 Pm |
62 Sm |
63 Eu |
64 Gd |
65 Tb |
66 Dy |
67 Ho |
68 Er |
69 Tm |
70 Yb |
||||||
** Aktinida | 89 Ac |
90 Th |
91 Pa |
92 U |
93 Np |
94 Pu |
95 Am |
96 Cm |
97 Bk |
98 Cf |
99 Es |
100 Fm |
101 Md |
102 No |
Logam alkali | Alkali tanah | Lantanida | Aktinida | Logam transisi |
Logam | Metaloid | Nonlogam | Halogen | Gas mulia |