Cicero
| Marcus Tullius Cicero | |
|---|---|
 Cicero watara umur 60, wujud reca dhadha marmer | |
| Lair | 3 Januari, 106 SM Arpinum, Italy |
| Pati | 7 Dhésèmber, 43 SM Formia, Itali |
| Pakarya | Pulitisi, ahli hukum, orator lan filsuf |
| Bangsa | Ancient Roman |
| Subyèk | pulitik, hukum, filsafat, wicara / pidhato |
| Obahan sastra | Golden Age Latin |
Marcus Tullius Cicero (basa Latin klasik uniné [ˈkikeroː], lumrahé uniné /ˈsɪsəroʊ/ sajeroning basa Inggris; 3 Januari, 106 SM – 7 Dhésèmber, 43 SM) iku sawijining nagarawan Romawi, ahli hukum, èlmuwan pulitik, lan filsuf. Cicero dianggep salah siji ahli pidhato (orator) kang paling pinter ing Roma, lan uga seniman prosa.[1][2]
Cicero lumrahé dianggep salah siji pamikir budaya Romawi kang komplit lan sarwa bisa (versatile) lan tulisané dadi tuladha (paragon) tumrap Latin klasik. Cicero ngenalaké bab Romawi sajeroning pamikiran utama ing filsafat Yunani lan ngripta kosa kata ing filsafat Latin. Minangka ahli pidhato kang ngédap-édapi lan ahli hukum kang suksès, Cicero mbokmanawa mikir yèn karir pulitiké minangka prèstasi kang paling wigati. Nanging, dina iki Cicero luwih diregani mligi saka tulisané bab humanisme filsafat lan pulitik. Layang-layangé kang akèh banget, akèh-aké ditujokaké marang mitrané: Atticus, duwé prabawa kang mirunggan, lan ngenalaké kagunan nulis layang tumrap budaya Éropah. Cornelius Nepos, panulis biografi Atticus saka abad angka 1 SM, nyathet yèn layangé Cicero marang Atticus ngandhut rincian "bab katundhukan / kacendherungan (inclination) para pamimpin, kasalahan / tanggung jawab (faults) para jendral, lan révolusi sajeroning pamaréntahan", kang para pamacané ora pati butuh bab sajarah mangsa mau.[3]
Uga delengen
[besut | besut sumber]- Titus Pomponius Atticus
- Caecilia Attica
- Quintus Tullius Cicero
- Marcus Tullius Tiro
- Tullia Ciceronis
- Category:Works by Cicero
Wacan terusan
[besut | besut sumber]- Francis A. Yates (1974). The Art of Memory, University of Chicago Press, 448 pages, Reprint: ISBN 0-226-95001-8
- Taylor Caldwell (1965), A Pillar of Iron, Doubleday & Company, Reprint: ISBN 0-385-05303-7
Cathetan
[besut | besut sumber]Rujukan
[besut | besut sumber]
- Cicero, Marcus Tullius, Cicero’s letters to Atticus, Vol, I, II, IV, VI, Cambridge University Press, Great Britain, 1965
- Cicero, Marcus Tullius, Latin extracts of Cicero on Himself, translated by Charles Gordon Cooper, University of Queensland Press, Brisbane, 1963
- Cicero, Marcus Tullius, Selected Political Speeches, Penguin Books Ltd, Great Britain, 1969
- Cicero, Marcus Tullius, Selected Works, Penguin Books Ltd, Great Britain, 1971
- Everitt, Anthony 2001, Cicero: the life and times of Rome's greatest politician, Random House, hardback, 359 pages, ISBN 0-375-50746-9
- Cowell, Cicero and the Roman Republic, Penguin Books Ltd, Great Britain, 1973
- Haskell, H.J.: (1946) This was Cicero, Fawcett publications, Inc. Greenwich, Conn. USA
- Gibbon, Edward. (1793). The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire., The Modern Library (2003), ISBN 0-375-75811-9. Edited, Abridged, and with a Critical Foreword by Hans-Friedrich Mueller.
- Gruen, Erich, The last Generation of the Roman Republic, University of California Press, USA, 1974
- March, Duane A., "Cicero and the 'Gang of Five'," Classical World, volume 82 (1989) 225-234
- Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, Penguin Books Ltd, Great Britain, 1972
- Rawson, Elizabeth (1975) Cicero, A portrait, Allen Lane, London ISBN 0-7139-0864-5
- Rawson, Elizabeth, Cicero, Penguin Books Ltd, Great Britain, 1975
- Scullard, H. H. From the Gracchi to Nero, University Paperbacks, Great Britain, 1968
- Smith, R. E., Cicero the Statesman, Cambridge University Press, Great Britain, 1966
- Strachan-Davidson, J. L., Cicero and the Fall of the Roman Republic, University of Oxford Press, London, 1936
- Taylor, H. (1918). Cicero: A sketch of his life and works. Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co.
Pranala njaba
[besut | besut sumber] |
Wikimedia Commons duwé médhia ngenani Cicero. |
 |
Wikicuplik duwé cuplikan ngenani: Cicero |
- Umum:
- Quotes with Cicero's teachings on oratory Archived 2008-09-16 at the Wayback Machine.
- Links to Cicero resources Archived 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine.
- University of Texas Cicero Homepage Archived 2005-11-25 at the Wayback Machine.
- The Internet Encyclopædia of Philosophy
- Karya Cicero:
- Online Library of Liberty Archived 2010-08-07 at the Wayback Machine.
- Karyané Cicero ing Project Gutenberg
- Perseus Project (Latin and English): Classics Collection (see: M. Tullius Cicero)
- The Latin Library (Latin): Works of Cicero
- UAH (Latin, with translation notes): Cicero Page Archived 2006-02-21 at the Wayback Machine.
- De Officiis, translated by Walter Miller
- Cicero's works: text, concordances and frequency list
- Biografi lan deskripsi jamané Cicero:
- At Project Gutenberg
- Plutarch's biography of Cicero contained in the Parallel Lives
- Life of Cicero by Anthony Trollope, Volume I – Volume II
- Cicero by Rev. W. Lucas Collins (Ancient Classics for English Readers)
- Roman life in the days of Cicero by Rev. Alfred J. Church
- Social life at Rome in the Age of Cicero by W. Warde Fowler
- At Heraklia website
- Dryden's translation of Cicero from Plutarch's Parallel Lives
- At Middlebury College website
- At Project Gutenberg
| Kang sadurungé Lucius Julius Caesar and Gaius Marcius Figulus |
Consul of the Roman Republic with Gaius Antonius Hybrida 63 BC |
Kang sawisé Decimus Junius Silanus and Lucius Licinius Murena |