Synapsida

Synapsids Temporal range: 320-100Ma. Descendant taxon Mammalia survives to present. PraЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Dimetrodon grandis skeleton at the National Museum of Natural History of U.S.A.
Klasifikasi èlmiah
krajan:	Sato kéwan
filum:	Chordata
Subfilum:	Vertebrata
Infraphylum:	Gnathostomata
Superkelas:	Tetrapoda
(Ora klebu)	Amniota
kelas:	Synapsida Osborn, 1903
Orders & Suborders
Order Pelycosauria * Suborder Caseasauria Suborder Eupelycosauria * Order Therapsida * Suborder Biarmosuchia Suborder Dinocephalia Suborder Anomodontia Suborder Gorgonopsia Suborder Therocephalia Suborder Cynodontia * For complete phylogeny, see text.
Sinonim
Theropsida

Synapsida ('fused arch'), utawa theropsida ('rai kéwan'), kelas sato kéwan sing klebu mamalia lan saliyané amniota urip liyané. Anggota non-mamalia disebut reptil mèmper mamalia jroning sistematika klasik, nanging disebut "mamalia batang" utawa "proto-mammalia" jroning terminologi cladistic.

Taksonomi

Classification

• Series Amniota
  • CLASS SYNAPSIDA *
    • Order Pelycosauria *
      • Suborder Caseasauria
      • Suborder Eupelycosauria *
        • Family Varanopseidae
        • Family Ophiacodontidae
        • Family Edaphosauridae
        • Family Sphenacodontidae *
    • Order Therapsida *
      • Suborder Biarmosuchia *
      • Suborder Dinocephalia
      • Suborder Anomodontia
      • Suborder Gorgonopsia
      • Suborder Therocephalia
      • Suborder Cynodontia *
        • Family Probainognathidae
        • Superfamily Chiniquodontoidea *
  • CLASS MAMMALIA

Filogeni

Synapsida

Caseasauria Eupelycosauria Varanopseidae Ophiacodontidae Edaphosauridae Sphenacodontia Sphenacodontidae Therapsida Biarmosuchia Eotitanosuchus Eutherapsida Dinocephalia Neotherapsida Anomodontia Theriodontia Gorgonopsia Eutheriodontia Therocephalia Cynodontia Dvinia Procynosuchidae Epicynodontia Thrinaxodon Eucynodontia Cynognathus Probainognathia Trithelodontidae Chiniquodontidae Prozostrodon Mammaliaformes Mammalia

Referensi

• Benton, Michael J. (2005). Vertebrate Paleontology, 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd. ISBN 0-632-05637-1.
• Bramble, D. M.; Jenkins, F. A. (1993). "Mammalian locomotor-respiratory integration: Implications for diaphragmatic and pulmonary design". Science 262 (5131): 235–240. doi:10.1126/science.8211141.
• Carroll, Robert L. (1988). Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution. New York: W.H. Freeman & Co. ISBN 0-7167-1822-7.
• Hopson, James A. (1987). "The Mammal-Like Reptiles: A Study of Transitional Fossils". The American Biology Teacher 49 (1): 16–26.
• Hoyt, Donald F. (1997). Synapsid Reptiles. Zoo 138 Vertebrate Zoology Home Page.
• Lambert, David (2001). Dinosaur Encyclopedia. ISBN 0-7894-7935-4.
• Laurin, Michel, and Robert R. Reisz (2007). Synapsida: Mammals and their extinct relatives. Version 6 April 2007. The Tree of Life Web Project.

Wacan

• Colbert, E. H. (1969). Evolution of the Vertebrates (2nd ed. ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc. ISBN 0471164666.

Deleng uga

• Anapsida
• Diapsida
• Euryapsida
• Daftar synapsida
• Klasifikasi mamalia
• Mamalia prasejarah
• Paleontology Vertebrata
• Garis waktu evolusi

Pranala jaba

• Synapsida - Pelycosauria - at Palaeos
• Transitional Vertebrate Fossils - includes description of important transitional genera in the evolutionary sequence linking primitive synapsids to mammals