Opuntia

Pir eri
	Opuntia littoralis var. vaseyi
Klasifikasi ngèlmiah
Karajan:	Plantae
Unranked:	Angiospermae
Unranked:	Eudicots
Unranked:	Core eudicots
Ordho:	Caryophyllales
Famili:	Cactaceae
Subfamili:	Opuntioideae
Tribe:	Opuntieae
Génus:	Opuntia; Mill.
Spesies
	Luwih akèh, pirsani tèks.
Sinonim
	Airampoa Fric; Cactodendron Bigelow (nom. inval.); Kaktus Lem.; Chaffeyopuntia Fric & Schelle; Clavarioidia Kreuz. (nom. inval.); Ficindica St.-Lag.; Nopalea Salm-Dyck; Parviopuntia Soulaire & Marn.-Lap. (nom. inval.); Phyllarthus Neck. ex M.Gómez (nom. inval.); Pseudotephrocactus Fric; Salmiopuntia Fric (nom. inval.); Subulatopuntia Fric & Schelle; Tunas Lunell; Weberiopuntia Fric; lan pirsani tèks

Opuntia, uga ditepungi minangka nopales utawa kaktus dayung (pirsani ing ngisor), iku génus ing famili kaktus, Cactaceae.

Saiki, mung pir eri sing kalebu sajeroning génus iki watara 200^[1] spésies disebaraké ing mèh kabèh Amérika. Chollas saiki dipisahaké sajeroning génus Cylindropuntia, sing sapérangan isih nimbang subgenus saka Opuntia. Austrocylindropuntia, Corynopuntia lan Micropuntia uga asring dilebokaké sajeroning génus iki, nanging kaya Cylindropuntia dhèwèké katoné béda cukup becik. Brasiliopuntia lan Miqueliopuntia iku kerabat cerak saka Opuntia.

Tuwuhing cawang Pir Eri[besut | besut sumber]


Kuncup muncul ►	Kuncup tuwuh ►	Kuncup tuwuh manèh►	Kuncup tuwuh luwih akèh manèh►


Bantalan terus tuwuh ►	Bantalan bisa dipangan (lembut) ►	Bantalan diwasa

Spesies pilihan[besut | besut sumber]

Opuntia hibrida gampang antar spésies.^[2] Iki bisa njalari angèl anggoné klasifikasi. Uga, ora kabèh spésies sing kadhaftar ing kéné mungel sajatiné kalebu génus iki.

Opuntia aciculata
Opuntia anacantha
Opuntia atrispina
Opuntia auberi
Opuntia aurantiaca
Opuntia basilaris – kaktus beavertail
Opuntia bigelovii – Teddybear cholla, jumping cholla
Opuntia boldinghii
Opuntia chaffeyi
Opuntia chlorotica – Pancake Prickly Pear; asli USA kidul-kulon lan Sonoran lan ara-ara Mojave.
Opuntia clavata
Opuntia cochenillifera
Opuntia comonduensis
Opuntia compressa
Opuntia curvospina
Opuntia decumana
Opuntia decumbens – Nopal de Culebra
Opuntia dejecta
Opuntia echinocarpa
Opuntia echios
- Opuntia echios var. gigantea – Galápagos prickly pear. Kapoloan Galápagos.
Opuntia elata
Opuntia elatior Mill. – sinonim O. bergeriana
Opuntia engelmannii – Engelmann's Prickly Pear, Cow's-tongue Prickly Pear, Desert Prickly Pear, Discus Prickly Pear, Texas Prickly Pear, kaktus belacu
Opuntia erinacea
Opuntia exaltata
Opuntia excelsa
Opuntia ficus-barbarica
Opuntia ficus-indica – Indian Fig Opuntia
Opuntia fragilis – Little Prickly Pear, brittle cactus. Ditemokaké ing Great Plains lan saadoh-adohé kulon British Columbia.
Opuntia galapageia
Opuntia gosseliniana – Violet Prickly Pear
- Opuntia gosseliniana var. santa-rita – Santa Rita Prickly Pear
Opuntia helleri
Opuntia hickenii
Opuntia humifusa – Eastern Prickly Pear (sok-sok kalebu ing O. compressa)
Opuntia hyptiacantha
Opuntia imbricata – Tree cholla
Opuntia inamoema K. Schum. – quipá
Opuntia insularis
Opuntia invicta
Opuntia jamaicensis
Opuntia laevis
Opuntia lasiacantha
Opuntia leptocaulis – Kaktus potelot, Kaktus natal ara-ara
Opuntia leucotricha – Arborescent Prickly Pear, Aaron's beard cactus, semaphore cactus, Duraznillo blanco, Nopal blanco
Opuntia lindheimeri – Cowtongue Prickly Pear
Opuntia littoralis – Sprawling Prickly Pear
Opuntia longispina
Opuntia macrocentra – Black-spine Prickly Pear, Purple Prickly Pear. Ditemokaké kidul-kulon USA lan Meksiko lor.
Opuntia macrorhiza – Plains Prickly Pear. Ditemokaké ing kabèh Great Plains kejaba kanggo laladan lor (ora tinemu Dakota Lor), lan mawiyar kanthi sporadis mangétan tekan Kentucky. Sinonim O. leptocarpa MacKensen, O. tenuispina Engelm., O. tortispina Engelm. & Bigelow
Opuntia maldonandensis
Opuntia maxima
Opuntia megacantha
Opuntia megarrhiza
Opuntia megasperma
Opuntia microdasys – Kaktus kuping klinci, Kaktus polka-dot
Opuntia monacantha – Common Prickly Pear
Opuntia oricola
Opuntia ovata
Opuntia pachypus
Opuntia pachyrrhiza
Opuntia phaeacantha – Tulip Prickly Pear. Klebu Plateau Prickly Pear, Brown-spined Prickly Pear, Mojave Prickly Pear, Kingman Prickly Pear.
Opuntia pinkavae – Pinkava's Prickly Pear
Opuntia polyacantha – Panhandle Prickly Pear. Ditemokaké ing Great Plains, Great Basin, Mojave Desert, Colorado Plateau, lan ing Rocky Mountains. Sinonim. O. rhodantha K.Schum.
- Opuntia polyacantha var. arenaria (sinonim O. erinacea)
Opuntia pubescens (sinonim O. pascoensis Britton & Rose)
Opuntia pusilla – Creeping cactus. Sinonim. O. drummondii Graham
Opuntia quitensis – Red Buttons Opuntia (sinonim O. macbridei, O. johnsonii, Platyopuntia quitensis)
Opuntia rastrera
Opuntia repens
Opuntia robusta
Opuntia rufida (sok-sok kalebu sajeroning O. microdasys)
Opuntia saxicola
Opuntia schumannii
Opuntia soehrensii
Opuntia stenopetala (sinonim O. riviereana Backeb.)
Opuntia streptacantha
Opuntia stricta – Erect Prickly Pear, Spineless Prickly Pear, Coastal Prickly Pear
Opuntia subulata – tinemu ing Amérika Kidul
Opuntia sulphurea
Opuntia taylori
Opuntia tehuantepecana – Nopal de Caballo
Opuntia tomentosa – Woollyjoint Prickly Pear
Opuntia triacantha
Opuntia tuna
Opuntia velutina
Opuntia violacea

Opuntia biyèn[besut | besut sumber]

Austrocylindropuntia
Brasiliopuntia
Corynopuntia
Cylindropuntia
Disocactus phyllanthoides (minangka Opuntia speciosa)
Micropuntia
Miqueliopuntia

Pirsani uga[besut | besut sumber]

Pir eri ing Australia

Cathetan sikil[besut | besut sumber]

↑ Jon P. Rebman, Ph.D., "What has happened to Opuntia?" San Diego Natural History Museum
↑ Masalah sitiran: Tenger <ref> ora trep; ora ana tèks tumrap refs kanthi jeneng griffith2004

Réferènsi[besut | besut sumber]

Austria (1995): The bug that changed history. Boatman's Quarterly Rreview 8(2). HTML fulltext Archived 2006-06-21 at the Wayback Machine.
Austria (2000): Effects of Opuntia megacantha on blood glucose and kidney function in streptozotocin diabetic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 69(3): 247–252. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(99)00123-3 PMID 10722207 (HTML abstract)
Austria (2002): Taxonomy, distribution, rarity status and uses of Canadian Cacti. Haseltonia 9: 17–25 Google Scholar PDF abstract Archived 2008-09-10 at the Wayback Machine.
Austria (1983): Effects of nopal (Opuntia sp.) on serum lipids, glycemia and body weight. Archivos de investigacion medica 14(2): 117–125. PMID 6314922 [Article in English, Spanish]
Austria (1995): Ayahuasca Additive Plants. In: Ayahuasca Analogues: Pangaean Entheogens.
Austria (2005): Interventions for preventing or treating alcohol hangover: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Brit. Med. J. 331(7531): 1515–1518. doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7531.1515 PMID 16373736 PDF fulltext
Austria (1988): Natural Enemies of Cochineal (Dactylopius coccus Costa): Importance in Mexico. Journal of the Professional Association for Cactus Development 3: 43–49. PDF fulltext Archived 2009-03-26 at the Wayback Machine.
Austria (1998): Glycemic Effects of Various Species of Nopal (Opuntia sp.) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Texas Journal of Rural Health 16(1): 68–76.
Austria (1997): Visionary Cactus Guide: Opunita Archived 2001-03-08 at the Wayback Machine. [sic]. Retrieved 2007-OCT-15.
Austria (2004): Effect of Opuntia ficus indica [sic] on Symptoms of the Alcohol Hangover. Arch. Intern. Med. 164(12): 1334–1340. PDF fulltext

Pranala njaba[besut | besut sumber]

[1] Jon P. Rebman, Ph.D., "What has happened to Opuntia?" San Diego Natural History Museum

[griffith2004-2] Masalah sitiran: Tenger <ref> ora trep; ora ana tèks tumrap refs kanthi jeneng griffith2004

[1]

[2]