Basa Afro-Asiatik

Peta sing nuduhaké distribusi basa-basa Afro-Asiatik

Basa Afro-Asiatik iku rumpun basa kanggo anggota mèh 240 basa lan 285 yuta penutur sing sumebar ing dhaérah Afrika Lor, Afrika Wétan, Sahel, lan Asia Kidul-Kulon. Jeneng liya tumrap rumpun basa iki yaiku Afrasia, Hamito-Semitik (ora dianggo manèh), Lisramic (Hodge 1972), Erythraean (Tucker 1966). Jroning rumpun basa iki klebu basa-basa tinulis klasik sing nduwèni sajarah dawa, malah paling dawa,kayadéné basa Arab, basa Ibrani, basa Amharik, lan basa Koptik. Basa Arab nduwèni pengaruh kuwat marang basa Melayu/basa Indonesia amarga panggunaan minangka basa kitab suci agama Islam. Siji-sijiné basa Afroasiatik sing didadèkaké basa resmi ing Uni Eropah yakuwi basa Malta.

Subrumpun basa ini yaiku:

• Basa-basa Berber
• Basa-basa Chadik
• Basa-basa Egiptik/Koptik
• Basa-basa Semitik
• Basa-basa Kushitik
• Basa Beja (subklasifikasi kontroversial; sacara umum diklasifikasèkaké minangka basa Kushitik)
• Basa-basa Omotik (kontroversial; kadhangkala dianggep Afroasiatik jaba)

Bibliografi etimologi

Sawetara sumber utama etimologi Afro-Asia klebu:

• Marcel Cohen, Essai comparatif sur la vocabulaire et la phonétique du chamito-sémitique, Champion, Paris 1947.
• Igor M. Diakonoff et al., "Historical-Comparative Vocabulary of Afrasian", St. Petersburg Journal of African Studies No. 2-6, 1993-7.
• Christopher Ehret. Reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic (Proto-Afrasian): Vowels, Tone, Consonants, and Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics 126), California, Berkeley 1996.
• Vladimir E. Orel dan Olga V. Stolbova, Hamito-Semitic Etymological Dictionary: Materials for a Reconstruction, Brill, Leiden 1995

Sumber

• Bernd Heine dan Derek Nurse, African Languages, Cambridge University Press, 2000 - Bab 4
• Merritt Ruhlen, A Guide to the World's Languages, Stanford University Press, Stanford 1991.
• Lionel Bender et al., Selected Comparative-Historical Afro-Asiatic Studies in Memory of Igor M. Diakonoff, LINCOM 2003.
• Ethnologue
• Russell G. Schuh, Chadic Overview.
• African Language History (pdf), Roger Blench

Deleng uga

• Basa-basa Afrika

Pranala jaba

• (en) Perbandingan rekonstruksi Orel-Stolbova dengan Ehret
• (en) The Origins of Afroasiatic oleh Paul Newman